In-medium modification of dijets in PbPb collisions at \sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02 TeV
EEUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR NUCLEAR RESEARCH (CERN)
CERN-EP-2020-2472021/01/14
CMS-HIN-19-013
In-medium modification of dijets in PbPb collisions at √ s NN = The CMS Collaboration * Abstract
Modifications to the distribution of charged particles with respect to high transversemomentum ( p T ) jets passing through a quark-gluon plasma are explored using theCMS detector. Back-to-back dijets are analyzed in lead-lead and proton-proton colli-sions at √ s NN = x j , which is the ratio be-tween the subleading and leading jet p T . For events with x j ≈
1, these modificationsare observed for both the leading and subleading jets. However, while subleading jetsshow significant modifications for events with a larger dijet momentum imbalance,much smaller modifications are found for the leading jets in these events.
Submitted to the Journal of High Energy Physics © 2021 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration. CC-BY-4.0 license * See Appendix B for the list of collaboration members a r X i v : . [ h e p - e x ] J a n In relativistic heavy ion collisions, high transverse momentum ( p T ) jets originate from partonsthat have undergone a hard scattering and may be used to probe the properties of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in such collisions [1]. One phenomenon related to the propertiesof the QGP is parton energy loss [2], also known as jet quenching, which was first observed atthe BNL RHIC [3, 4] and subsequently at the CERN LHC [5–8]. Jet quenching is seen as a sup-pression of high- p T leading charged-particle and jet yields in heavy ion collisions relative to aproton-proton (pp) reference [9–12]. Using data collected at the LHC, studies have shown thatthe jet structure is also modified by the medium, as observed with measurements of the frag-mentation functions [13, 14], and by the distribution of charged-particle p T as a function of theradial distance from the jet axis [15]. These modifications are found to extend to large distancesin relative pseudorapidity ( ∆ η ) and relative azimuth ( ∆ ϕ ) with respect to the jet axis [16–19].Various theoretical models have attempted to account for these modifications [20–25] and whilemost models reproduce the modifications close to the jet axis, the large modifications observedfar from the jet axis ∆ r = √ ( ∆ ϕ ) + ( ∆ η ) > √ s NN = − for pp and 1.7 nb − for lead-lead (PbPb) collisions, respectively. Events are selectedwith nearly back-to-back ( ∆ ϕ > π /6), high- p T leading and subleading jet pairs. Correlationsin relative pseudorapidity are measured for charged particles with respect to both the leadingand subleading jet axes, where the relative azimuthal angle between the jet axes and chargedparticles is restricted to | ∆ ϕ | < p chT ) as a function of the distance from the jet axis ∆ r , is alsostudied. Results are presented differentially as functions of PbPb collision centrality (i.e., thedegree of overlap of the colliding nuclei, with head-on collisions defined as “most central”) [7], p chT , and dijet momentum balance x j = p subleadingT / p leadingT . Compared to previous jet shapeanalyses in Refs. [18, 19], the large PbPb data sample recorded in 2018 allows for differentiationin x j for leading and subleading jet shapes extended to large distances from the jet axis. The central feature of the CMS apparatus is a superconducting solenoid of 6 m internal diam-eter, providing a magnetic field of 3.8 T. Within the solenoid volume are a silicon pixel andstrip tracker, a lead tungstate crystal electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL), and a brass and scin-tillator hadron calorimeter (HCAL), each composed of barrel and two endcap sections. Twohadronic forward (HF) steel and quartz-fiber calorimeters complement the barrel and endcapdetectors, extending the calorimeter from the range | η | < | η | < × ∆ η × ∆ ϕ ) towers.The sum of the transverse energies detected in the HF detectors ( < | η | < ) is used todefine the event centrality in PbPb events and to divide the event sample into centrality classes,each representing a percentage of the total nucleus-nucleus hadronic interaction cross section.A detailed description of the centrality determination can be found in Ref. [7].Jets used in this analysis are reconstructed within the range | η | < | η | < η and ϕ and thus provide high granularity. Withinthe central barrel region of | η | < × calorimeter tower energy.The CMS silicon tracker measures charged-particle tracks within | η | < | η | < The pp and PbPb data are selected with a calorimeter-based HLT trigger that uses the anti- k T jet clustering algorithm with a distance parameter of R = p T >
80 and >
100 GeV for pp and PbPb collisions,respectively. For PbPb collisions, the underlying event contribution is subtracted from the jet p T using an iterative method [30] before comparing to the threshold. The data sample selectedby this trigger is referred to as “jet-triggered.” For the PbPb event selection, a minimum biastriggered [31] sample is also used in the analysis.To reduce contamination from noncollision events, including calorimeter noise and beam-gascollisions, vertex and noise filters are applied offline to both the pp and PbPb data, follow-ing previous analyses of lower-energy data [6, 7]. These filters include requirements that atleast three HF towers on either side of the interaction point have a tower energy above 3 GeVand that the vertex position along the beam line lies within 15 cm of the nominal interactionpoint. The average pileup (the number of collisions per beam bunch crossing) is about 2 inpp, and close to 1 in PbPb collisions. Because of the low pileup in the data samples, no pileupcorrections are necessary.Monte Carlo simulated event samples are used to evaluate the performance of the event re-construction, particularly the track reconstruction efficiency, and the jet energy response andresolution. The hard scattering, parton shower, and fragmentation of the partons are mod-eled using the PYTHIA
PYTHIA versionused is 8.226 and the parton distribution function set is NNPDF3.1 at next-to-next-to-leadingorder [34]. The CMS detector response is simulated using the G
EANT
HYDJET
HYDJET simulation is tuned to match the data by shifting the cen-trality binning in standard
HYDJET simulation by 5 percentage points upwards. This tuning isbased on a random cone study, where rigid cones with a radius 0.4 are placed in random direc-tions in events, and the energy densities in the cones are determined by summing the particletransverse momenta within the cone. The above tuning provides the best agreement in ran-dom cone energy densities between data and
HYDJET . To simulate jet events in PbPb collisions,
PYTHIA
HYDJET events. This sample is denotedas
PYTHIA + HYDJET . In PbPb collisions, jets are produced more frequently in central events than in noncentral eventsbecause of the large number of binary collisions per nuclear interaction. A centrality-basedreweighting is applied to the
PYTHIA + HYDJET sample in order to match the centrality distri-bution of the jet-triggered PbPb data. An additional reweighting procedure is performed tomatch the simulated vertex distributions to data for both the pp and PbPb samples.The event selection works as follows. First, the two jets with highest p T are located in therange of | η | <
2. The highest p T jet is called the leading jet and it is required to pass a p T cut of p T,1 >
120 GeV. The second highest p T jet is termed the subleading jet and for it a cut p T,2 >
50 GeV is applied. Then, the back-to-back requirement, a condition demanding that thejet separation in ϕ obeys ∆ ϕ > π /6 is enforced. Finally, both jets are required to fall within | η | < For this analysis, jets in both pp and PbPb collisions are reconstructed using the anti- k T algo-rithm with a distance parameter R = AST J ET framework [37]. Aparticle flow (PF) algorithm using an optimized combination of information from various el-ements of the CMS detector is used to reconstruct leptons, photons, and charged and neutralhadrons [38]. These PF candidates are employed to reconstruct the jets used in this analysis.The jets are first clustered using E-scheme clustering [37] and the jet axis is recalculated withthe winner-take-all algorithm [39, 40] using the same constituents. In the E-scheme clustering,particle pairs are iteratively combined to form pseudo-jets (an object that is a combination ofparticles or other pseudo-jets), with the direction of the new pseudo-jet given by the sum of thefour-momenta of the particles. In the winner-take-all scheme, the direction of the new pseudo-jet in each iteration is aligned with the direction of the particle or pseudo-jet with higher p T . Itfollows that the E-scheme axis for the final jet is given by the sum of pseudo-jet four-momenta,while the winner-take-all axis is determined by the axis of the hardest pseudo-jet. The winner-take-all axis is preferred in this analysis over the default E-scheme axis because of an artificialfeature created by the E-scheme axis that results in a strong depletion of particles just outsideof the jet cone radius. Not having to correct for this feature leads to smaller uncertainties.In order to subtract the soft underlying event contribution to the jet energy in PbPb collisions, aconstituent subtraction method [41] is employed. This involves a particle-by-particle approachthat corrects jet constituents based on the local average underlying event density. The energydensity is estimated using an event-by-event, iterative algorithm [30] that finds the mean value, (cid:104) E PF (cid:105) , and dispersion, σ ( E PF ) , of the energies from the PF candidates in η strips [6, 7]. Inpp collisions, where the underlying event level is negligible, jets are reconstructed withoutunderlying event subtraction.The track reconstruction used in pp and PbPb collisions is described in Ref. [42]. For thecharged-particle tracks used in jet to charged-particle correlations, it is required that the rel-ative p T uncertainty of each track is less than 10%. In PbPb collisions, tracks must also have atleast 11 hits in the tracker layers and satisfy a stringent fit quality requirement, specifically thatthe χ , divided by the product of the number of degrees of freedom and the number of trackerlayers hit, be less than 0.18. Furthermore, it is required that the significance of the distance ofclosest approach of a charged-particle track to at least one primary vertex in the event is lessthan 3 standard deviations. This is done to decrease the likelihood of counting nonprimary Table 1: The total number of events for pp and for different PbPb centrality bins are shown inthe top row. The other rows show the percentage of all events that falls within a given x j bin. x j < x j < × × × × × < x j < < x j < < x j < p T . Tracks with p T >
20 GeV are required to have anassociated energy deposit of at least half of their momentum in the CMS calorimeters. Correc-tions for tracking efficiency, detector acceptance, and misreconstruction rate are obtained andapplied following the procedure of Ref. [43].
Correlations between reconstructed jets and charged-particle tracks are studied by forming atwo-dimensional distribution of ∆ η and ∆ ϕ of the charged particles relative to the jet axis.Events in PbPb collisions are divided into four centrality intervals, 0–10, 10–30, 30–50, and 50–90%, based on the total energy collected in the HF calorimeter [7]. The events are also binnedby the charged-particle p T with bin boundaries of 0.7, 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12, and 300 GeV and in thedijet momentum balance x j with bin boundaries of 0, 0.6, 0.8, and 1. The effects of jet en-ergy resolution to the x j binning are explored in Appendix A. The two-dimensional correlationhistograms are filled by correlating all charged particles in the event with the leading jet andthe subleading jet, separately. For the jet shape measurement, each entry is weighted by thecharged particle p T value. The histograms are then normalized by the number of dijets. Thenumbers of dijets in the data samples for each x j and centrality bin are summarized in Table 1.Since the detector has limited acceptance in η , it is more probable to find jet-charged-particlepairs with small rather than large ∆ η values. Thus, the raw correlations have a shape wherethe charged-particle yield strongly decreases towards large ∆ η . A mixed-event method is em-ployed to correct for these detector acceptance effects. In this method, the jet and charged parti-cles from different events are mixed to ensure that no physical correlations exist in the resultingdistribution. What is left is the structure arising from the detector acceptance. When the mixedevents are constructed, it is required that the primary vertex positions along the beam axismatch within 0.5 cm and that the centrality values match within 0.5 percentage points betweenthe two events. For pp collisions, a jet-triggered sample is used for the mixed events, whilefor PbPb collisions a minimum bias sample is used to properly capture the long range correla-tions. This procedure is similar to that used in previous analyses [18, 19]. Denoting the numberof dijets satisfying the selection criteria as N dijet , the per-dijet associated charged-particle yieldcorrected for the acceptance effects is given by1 N dijet d N d ∆ η d ∆ ϕ = ME (
0, 0 ) ME ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) S ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) , (1)where N is the number of jet-particle pairs, the signal pair distribution S ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) represents the per-dijet normalized yield of jet-particle pairs from the same event, S ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) = N dijet d N same d ∆ η d ∆ ϕ , (2)and the mixed-event pair distribution ME ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) is given by ME ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) = d N mixed d ∆ η d ∆ ϕ . (3)The ratio ME (
0, 0 ) / ME ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) is the normalized correction factor. The maximum of themixed event distribution can be found at (
0, 0 ) as no pairs with ∆ η = ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) = (
0, 0 ) together with a peak elongated in ∆ η around ∆ ϕ = π . While the underlying event contribution to jet energy and momentum iscorrected for as previously discussed in Section 4, the underlying event particles paired withthe jet remain within the acceptance-corrected distribution, and thus have to be removed. Tomodel this background, the ∆ ϕ distribution is averaged over the region 1.5 < | ∆ η | < | ∆ ϕ | < π /2) of the jet. The same background region criteria are used for cor-relations of charged particles with both leading and subleading jets and the backgrounds arecombined to cover the full ∆ ϕ range. This procedure is applied to avoid an “eta swing” effect.Momentum conservation dictates that the two jets must be approximately back-to-back in ∆ ϕ ,but no such requirement exists for the ∆ η separation. Thus, the away side ( | ∆ ϕ | > π /2 ) jetpeak is prolonged in ∆ η in jet to charged-particle correlation distributions. To avoid mixing thejet signal with the background, the away side region needs to be avoided in the backgroundestimation. The background determined using the respective near-side components is propa-gated to the full ( ∆ η , ∆ ϕ ) plane and subtracted from the acceptance-corrected distribution toobtain the jet signal.Finally, simulation-based corrections are applied to account for a bias toward selecting jets witha harder constituent p T spectrum (affecting PbPb and pp events similarly) and a bias towardselecting jets that are affected by upward fluctuations in the soft underlying event yield (rel-evant for PbPb events only). Jets with a harder constituent p T spectrum are more likely to besuccessfully reconstructed than jets with a softer p T spectrum because the calorimeter responsedoes not scale linearly with the incident particle energy, resulting in a bias toward the selec-tion of jets with fewer associated particles. A residual correction for this bias is derived andapplied following the method described in Refs. [16–18], by comparing per-jet yields of gener-ated particles correlated to reconstructed jets relative to those correlated to generated jets. Thiscorrection is derived using a PYTHIA simulation for pp events and considering only generatedparticles coming from the embedded
PYTHIA hard process in
PYTHIA + HYDJET simulation forPbPb events.For PbPb events, there is an additional jet reconstruction bias towards the selection of jets thatare produced in the vicinity of upward fluctuations in the underlying event background. Be-cause of the steeply falling jet p T spectrum, an excess in the underlying event yield is expectedaround the jet peak as upward fluctuations of the underlying event increase the probabilityof finding a jet that passes the jet selection requirements. To account for this bias, a similarprocedure to that outlined in Refs. [17, 18, 44] is followed. Correlations in the PYTHIA + HYDJET sample between reconstructed jets and generated particles are constructed using only particles from the
HYDJET underlying event, excluding those from the embedded hard process. Thisgives an estimate of the underlying event yield on top of which the jet correlations are foundin the data. To reduce the fluctuations in the generated sample, the obtained distribution issymmetrized in ∆ η and ∆ ϕ , before being applied as a correction to the PbPb data. The following sources of uncertainty are considered in this analysis: • Underlying event fluctuation bias . This source accounts for uncertainties in correctingfor the jet reconstruction bias resulting from upwards fluctuations of the underly-ing event background. Three different causes are considered. The first is a potentialdifference between the quark and gluon jet fraction in simulation and in data. Thepotential difference is estimated to be less than 25% using a template fit to the mul-tiplicity distribution of PF candidates within the jet cone in the data. Then the un-certainty is estimated by varying the quark/gluon jet fraction in simulation by thisamount. The second source considers the difference in the underlying event energydensity between simulation and data, and is estimated by random cone studies. Theuncertainty is determined by varying the centrality binning of the
HYDJET simula-tion by 1 percentage point around the best match to data, which is the range givinga reasonable agreement. Finally, there is the uncertainty in the underlying eventlevel for the simulation from which the underlying event fluctuation bias correctionis derived. This uncertainty is obtained in a similar manner as for data, as discussedbelow in the “underlying event subtraction” bullet point. • Jet fragmentation bias . Most of the detector and resolution effects contributing to thejet fragmentation bias uncertainty arise from the uncertainty in the ratios of quarkand gluon jets between data and simulation, as discussed for the underlying eventfluctuation bias above. Deriving the corrections separately for quark and gluon jetsand varying their relative contribution within the estimated difference between dataand Monte Carlo, a 10% variation in the fragmentation bias correction is observed.This difference is assigned as a systematic uncertainty. • Jet energy scale . These uncertainties are estimated by varying the jet energy correc-tions within their uncertainties and seeing how these changes affect the final cor-relations. The uncertainties of the jet energy corrections are discussed in detail inRef. [45]. • Jet energy resolution . This uncertainty is estimated by adding a Gaussian spread tothe nominal jet energies such that the jet energy resolution estimated from the simu-lation is worsened by 20% and comparing the obtained results to the nominal ones.The value of 20% comes from the maximal estimated difference in the jet energyresolution between data and simulation. • T rigger bias . The calorimeter-based trigger with a threshold of 100 GeV is not fullyefficient for the PbPb collisions. To see if this has an effect on the final results, theanalysis was repeated requiring a prescaled trigger with a threshold of 80 GeV andthe results with this trigger were compared to the nominal ones. For the leading jetshapes, it was found that there is a 2% yield difference in the bin closest to the jetaxis, while for the other bins and for the subleading jets the difference is negligible.The 2% difference is therefore applied as a systematic uncertainty on the first bin.The trigger used for the pp collisions is fully efficient and thus has no trigger bias uncertainty. • Tracking efficiency . Two sources of uncertainty are considered. First, there are possibletrack reconstruction differences in data and simulation. Following the method inRef. [43], it is estimated that the uncertainty in the track reconstruction efficiencyand misidentification rate corrections is 5% for PbPb and 2.4% for pp collisions.Second, the ratio of corrected reconstructed yields to generator level yields is studiedfor
PYTHIA
PYTHIA + HYDJET simulations. It is found that the reconstructedand generated yields match within 3% in PbPb and 1% in pp collisions, and thesenumbers are used as a systematic uncertainty from this source. An extra uncertaintyis added to tracks close to the jet axis, as in the high multiplicity environment aroundthe jet, the tracking efficiency is found to be 1–2% worse than far away from the jets. • Acceptance correction . In an ideal case, the mixed-event corrected jet to charged-particle angular distribution contains a jet peak and an uncorrelated underlyingevent background. Since jet correlations are small angle correlations, the under-lying event is expected to dominate far from the jet axis (sideband), and thus thedistribution at | η | > ∆ η distribution ( − < ∆ η < − < ∆ η < • Underlying event subtraction . Uncertainties resulting from the underlying event sub-traction are determined by considering the two parts of the sideband region, 1.5 < | ∆ η | < < | ∆ η | < x j and ∆ r are listed in Tables 2 and 3, respectively.Table 2: Systematic uncertainties for the leading jet shape components, integrated over x j , and ∆ r , and shown for pp and centrality-binned PbPb collisions. The ranges correspond to the p T dependence of the uncertainty. If some p T bins have an uncertainty smaller than 0.5%, therange is presented with a “ < ” symbol and the upper bound.Source 0–10% 10–30% 30–50% 50–90% ppUnderlying event fluctuation bias < < < <
1% —Jet fragmentation bias < < < < < < < < < <
2% —Tracking efficiency 6–8% 6–8% 6–7% 6–7% 3%Acceptance correction < < < < < < < < < < Table 3: Systematic uncertainties for the subleading jet shape components, integrated over x j ,and ∆ r , and shown for pp and centrality-binned PbPb collisions. The ranges correspond to the p T dependence of the uncertainty. If some p T bins have an uncertainty smaller than 0.5%, therange is presented with a “ < ” symbol and the upper bound.Source 0–10% 10–30% 30–50% 50–90% ppUnderlying event fluctuation bias < < < <
1% —Jet fragmentation bias < < < < < < < < < < < < < < < Figure 1 shows the results for charged-particle yields in the region | ∆ ϕ | < | ∆ η | from the leading jets. The intervals in track p T are indicated by the stacked histograms.The first row shows the charged-particle yields without any selection on x j , while other rowsshow the charged-particle yields in different bins of x j from the most unbalanced 0 < x j < < x j < x j bins, the enhancement of the total PbPb yield relative topp yield is seen to increase slightly as the dijet momenta become more balanced. A geometricalbias could explain this, as discussed, for example, in Ref. [46], since it can result in different pathlengths inside the medium for the leading and subleading jets. In balanced dijet events, bothjets lose significant amounts of energy, while in events with unbalanced dijet momenta, theleading jet is most likely produced closer to the surface of the plasma, thus losing less energy.Figure 2 shows the results for charged-particle yields in the region | ∆ ϕ | < p chT , as a function of | ∆ η | for the subleading jets. The results are arranged in the samemanner as for leading jets in Fig. 1. As with the leading jets, the measurements of the per-jetinvariant charged-particle yields for subleading jets show an enhancement in PbPb relative topp collisions, with the greatest enhancement observed for central collisions. The magnitude ofthis enhancement is larger than for the leading jets in Fig. 1 (note the different vertical scalesbetween the two figures). Comparing the different x j bins for the subleading jets, the enhance-ment of the total PbPb yield relative to the pp yield is seen to slightly decrease as the dijetmomenta become more balanced. This is opposite to the trend found for the leading jets andmay reflect the greater path length through the plasma taken by the subleading jets for moreunbalanced dijet events. When comparing leading and subleading results, there also might bean effect where the selection of leading and subleading jets in PbPb collisions is reversed as aconsequence of parton energy loss in quark-gluon plasma.The jet radial momentum distributions P ( ∆ r ) and jet shapes ρ ( ∆ r ) are studied by examiningthe distribution of charged particles in annular rings of width δ r = ( ∆ r ) is the transverse momentum weighted distribution of hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp All dijets hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 0.6 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 0.8 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 1.0 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% < 1 GeV chT chT chT chT chT chT chT
CMS
Particle yields associatedwith leading jets -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 1: Distributions of charged-particle yields correlated to leading jets in the region | ∆ ϕ | < | ∆ η | for pp (first column) and PbPb (second to fifth columns) collisions indifferent centrality bins, shown differentially for all p chT bins. The first row shows the charged-particle yields without any selection on x j , while other rows show the charged-particle yieldsin different bins of x j , starting with the most unbalanced 0 < x j < < x j < hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp All dijets hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 0.6 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 0.8 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% hD hD dd N d ij e t N pp < 1.0 j hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb50-90% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb30-50% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb10-30% hD hD dd N d ij e t N PbPb0-10% < 1 GeV chT chT chT chT chT chT chT
CMS
Particle yields associatedwith subleading jets -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 2: Distributions of charged-particle yields correlated to subleading jets in the region | ∆ ϕ | < | ∆ η | for pp (first column) and PbPb (second to fifth columns) colli-sions in different centrality bins, shown differentially for all p chT bins. The first row shows thecharged-particle yields without any selection on x j , while other rows show the charged-particleyields in different bins of x j , starting with the most unbalanced 0 < x j < < x j < particles around the jet axis: P ( ∆ r ) = δ r N jets Σ jets Σ tracks ∈ ( ∆ r a , ∆ r b ) p chT , (4) where ∆ r a and ∆ r b define the annular edges of ∆ r , and δ r = ∆ r b − ∆ r a . The jet shape ρ ( ∆ r ) isthe momentum distribution normalized to unity over ∆ r <
1, with ρ ( ∆ r ) = P ( ∆ r ) Σ jets Σ tracks ∈ ∆ r < p chT . (5)The main difference between these two is that while jet shapes focus exclusively on studyingthe shape of the distribution, jet radial momentum distributions are sensitive to changes in theabsolute scale of the in-jet momentum flow between pp and PbPb collisions.Figure 3 shows the jet radial momentum distributions in PbPb and pp collisions differentiallyin p chT . The first row shows the jet radial momentum distribution for the leading jets, while thesecond row is for subleading jets. The first panel in each row shows the results for pp collisions,while other panels are for PbPb collisions in different centrality bins, starting from the mostperipheral 50–90% (second panel) to the most central 0–10% (fifth panel) collisions. For bothleading and subleading jets, when going towards more central events, the momentum profileat large ∆ r is enhanced in PbPb collisions over the one in pp collisions. The enhancement islargest for the low- p T charged particles, as expected if the energy lost at high p T resulting frominteractions of partons with the quark-gluon plasma reappears in the form of low- p T particlesfar away from the jet axis. r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( pp Leading jet r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( PbPb50-90% r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( PbPb30-50% r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( PbPb10-30% r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( PbPb0-10% r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( Subleading jet r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( r D r) ( G e V ) D P ( CMS
Particle transverse momentumdistributions in jets -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k < 1 GeV chT chT chT chT chT chT chT
12 < p < 300 GeV chT
Figure 3: Jet radial momentum profile P ( ∆ r ) for pp (first column) and PbPb (second to fifthcolumns) collisions in different centrality bins as a function of ∆ r , shown differentially in p chT for leading (upper row) and subleading (lower row) jets.Figure 4 shows the PbPb to pp collision ratio of the jet radial momentum profiles for differentcentrality bins. A clear trend can be seen in these plots. The enhancement of the PbPb radial momentum distribution over the pp distribution is the largest for the most central collisionsand for larger separations of the charged particles from the jet axis. The enhancement forsubleading jets is not as large as for the leading jets because of the widening of the pp referencedistribution. The main reason of this widening is the fact that subleading jets have significantlylower p T compared to leading jets, and jet shapes for lower p T jets are wider. r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( Cent: 50-90%
Leading jet r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( Cent: 30-50% r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( Cent: 10-30% r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( Cent: 0-10% r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( Subleading jet r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( r D pp r) D / P ( P b P b r) D P ( CMS
Particle transverse momentumdistribution ratios -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 4: The PbPb to pp ratio of the jet radial momentum distributions as a function of ∆ r ,P ( ∆ r ) PbPb /P ( ∆ r ) pp , for different centrality bins for the leading jets (upper row) and subleadingjets (lower row).The jet shape results for the leading jets are presented in Fig. 5. The first row shows the jetshape without any selection on x j , while other rows show the jet shape in different x j bins. Thefirst panel in each row shows the jet shape for pp collisions, while other panels are for PbPbcollisions in different centrality bins. When compared to pp collisions, there is an enhancementof low- p T charged particles in PbPb collisions. This enhancement is greater for central eventsthan for peripheral events.Figure 6 shows the leading jet shape ratio ρ ( ∆ r ) PbPb / ρ ( ∆ r ) pp , in different centrality and x j bins.When going towards more central events from the peripheral ones, there is an enhancement ofthe PbPb jet shape compared to the pp shape at large ∆ r . As already seen in the charged-particle yield plots of Fig. 1, the differences between pp and PbPb results for leading jets arethe largest for the most balanced collisions (0.8 < x j < p T for the subleadingjets, for different selections of centrality and x j . As also found for the leading jet results, anenhancement of low- p T charged particles in PbPb collisions is seen for the subleading jet. Also,the unbalanced pp collision distribution is not monotonically decreasing towards large ∆ r , butthere is an enhancement around ∆ r ∼ p T particles. As thejet cone size used for this analysis is R = p T particles at large r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp All dijets r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 0.6 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 0.8 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 1.0 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% < 1 GeV chT chT chT chT chT chT chT
12 < p < 300 GeV chT
CMS
Leading jet shape -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 5: Leading jet shapes ρ ( ∆ r ) (normalized to unity over ∆ r <
1) for pp (first column) andPbPb (second to fifth columns) collisions in different centrality bins as a function of ∆ r , showndifferentially in p chT for the inclusive x j bin (first row) and in differential bins 0 < x j < < x j < < x j <4
1) for pp (first column) andPbPb (second to fifth columns) collisions in different centrality bins as a function of ∆ r , showndifferentially in p chT for the inclusive x j bin (first row) and in differential bins 0 < x j < < x j < < x j <4 r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 50-90%
All dijets < 0.6 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r All dijets < 0.8 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r All dijets < 1.0 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 30-50% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 10-30% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 0-10% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r CMS
Leading jet shape ratios -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 6: The PbPb to pp ratio as a function of ∆ r for leading jet shapes, ρ ( ∆ r ) PbPb / ρ ( ∆ r ) pp , indifferent centrality bins for 0 < x j < < x j < < x j < ∆ r is visible. To create an unbalanced dijet configuration in pp collisions, there is most often athird jet to conserve momentum, as confirmed by Monte Carlo studies and 3-jet selection in ppevents, which explains the enhancement of high- p T particles outside of the jet cone. In centralheavy ion collisions, the energy of the constituent particles can be lost to the medium and nothird jet is reconstructed. r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp All dijets r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 0.6 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 0.8 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r pp < 1.0 j r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb50-90% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb30-50% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb10-30% r D - -
10 110 r) D ( r PbPb0-10% < 1 GeV chT chT chT chT chT chT chT
12 < p < 300 GeV chT
CMS
Subleading jet shape -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 7: Subleading jet shapes ρ ( ∆ r ) (normalized to unity over ∆ r <
1) for pp (first column)and PbPb (second to fifth columns) collisions in different centrality bins as a function of ∆ r ,shown differentially in p chT for the inclusive x j bin (first row) and in differential bins 0 < x j < < x j < < x j < ρ ( ∆ r ) PbPb / ρ ( ∆ r ) pp in different centrality and x j bins are shownin Fig. 8. There is a broadening of the PbPb jet shape compared to the pp shape when goingtowards more central events from the peripheral ones. However, in the most unbalanced (0.0 < x j < < x j < ∆ r = ∆ r . The enhancement fromsmall ∆ r towards the edge of the jet cone at ∆ r = jet cone, the ratio gets closer to unity because of the reduced influence of any potential thirdjet in PbPb collisions, as discussed for Fig. 7. If there would be no contribution from particlesrelated to the third jet in the pp jet shape, the enhancement would be the greatest at high ∆ r also in these events, as is the case for the most balanced (0.8 < x j < p T can still be up to 20% different in this most balanced bin. Thisexplains the ratio differences in this bin between leading jets in Fig. 6 and subleading jets inFig. 8 r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 50-90%
All dijets < 0.6 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r All dijets < 0.8 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r All dijets < 1.0 j r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 30-50% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 10-30% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r Cent: 0-10% r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r r D pp r) D ( r / P b P b r) D ( r CMS
Subleading jet shape ratios -1 PbPb 1.7 nb -1 p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k Figure 8: The PbPb to pp ratio as a function of ∆ r for subleading jet shapes, ρ ( ∆ r ) PbPb / ρ ( ∆ r ) pp ,in different centrality bins for 0 < x j < < x j < < x j < x j inclusivesample for leading jets is presented in Fig. 9 and for subleading jets in Fig. 10. Taking this ratiocancels the systematic uncertainties related to tracking and the jet energy scale. However, theuncertainties related to the jet energy resolution do not cancel and are included in the system-atic uncertainties. For the leading jets, the jet shapes in the unbalanced 0 < x j < x j inclusive sample. Conversely, in the balanced 0.8 < x j < jet shapes are wider. For the subleading jets in Fig. 10, the behavior is exactly opposite to theleading jets, the jet shapes in the unbalanced bin are wider and in the balanced bin narrowercompared to the x j inclusive case. This is similar to the x j dependence seen for the charged-particle distributions. A ll r) D ( r / < . j x r) D ( r pp reference PbPb50-90%
PbPb30-50%
PbPb10-30%
PbPb0-10% r D A ll r) D ( r / > . j x r) D ( r r D r D r D r D CMS bins j Leading jet shape ratio between x (5.02 TeV) -1 (5.02 TeV) PbPb 1.7 nb -1 pp 320 pb p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k0 0 0 0 1 Figure 9: Ratio of momentum-unbalanced (0.0 < x j < < x j < x j integrated jet shapes for leading jets in pp collisionsand different PbPb centrality bins as a function of ∆ r . The error bars represent the statisticaluncertainties and the shaded areas the systematic uncertainties. A ll r) D ( r / < . j x r) D ( r pp reference PbPb50-90%
PbPb30-50%
PbPb10-30%
PbPb0-10% r D A ll r) D ( r / > . j x r) D ( r r D r D r D r D CMS bins j Subleading jet shape ratio between x (5.02 TeV) -1 (5.02 TeV) PbPb 1.7 nb -1 pp 320 pb p jD > 50 GeV, T,2 > 120 GeV, p
T,1 | < 1.6, p jet h R = 0.4, | T anti-k0 0 0 0 1 Figure 10: Ratio of momentum-unbalanced (0.0 < x j < < x j < x j integrated jet shapes for subleading jets in pp collisionsand different PbPb centrality bins as a function of ∆ r . The error bars represent the statisticaluncertainties and the shaded areas the systematic uncertainties. The CMS experiment has measured charged-particle yields and jet shapes in events containingback-to-back dijet pairs around the jet axes using data from proton-proton (pp) and lead-lead(PbPb) collisions at √ s NN = p T ) particles isobserved in PbPb with respect to pp collisions. This excess is larger for subleading jets com-pared to leading jets. The excess is also found to have a different dijet momentum balance x j = p subleadingT / p leadingT dependence for the leading and subleading jets. A possible cause for x j imbalance is that the leading jet is produced near the surface of the quark-gluon plasma whilethe subleading jet needs to traverse a longer distance through the plasma. The leading jetsshow the strongest modifications in balanced events ( x j ≈ x j selection for thesubleading jets in pp collisions, a fragmentation pattern consistent with the presence of a thirdjet is observed. Such a pattern is not observed in balanced pp events or in the PbPb sample. Asa result, the enhancement of the PbPb to pp ratio for unbalanced events peaks around ∆ r = ∆ r .When comparing the jet shapes corresponding to different dijet momentum balance condi-tions, the distributions for leading jets are found to be the widest for events with balanced jetmomenta. For subleading jets, the situation is the opposite, and the widest distributions arefound from events having a significant momentum imbalance. These observations are consis-tent with the interpretation of the charged-particle yield measurements, namely that the aver-age path length inside the medium for leading jets is larger for momentum balanced events,while for subleading jets it is larger in unbalanced events. By studying the charged-particleyields correlated to jets and jet shapes for the first time as a function of dijet momentum bal-ance, this study provides new constraints to the theoretical models and provides a unique wayto explore the transition between the domains of weakly and strongly interacting QCD matter. Acknowledgments
We congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent perfor-mance of the LHC and thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and at other CMSinstitutes for their contributions to the success of the CMS effort. In addition, we gratefullyacknowledge the computing centres and personnel of the Worldwide LHC Computing Gridand other centres for delivering so effectively the computing infrastructure essential to ouranalyses. Finally, we acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operationof the LHC, the CMS detector, and the supporting computing infrastructure provided by thefollowing funding agencies: BMBWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq,CAPES, FAPERJ, FAPERGS, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and eferences NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RIF (Cyprus); SENESCYT(Ecuador); MoER, ERC PUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Fin-land); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); NK-FIA (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF(Republic of Korea); MES (Latvia); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); BUAP, CIN-VESTAV, CONACYT, LNS, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MOS (Montenegro); MBIE (NewZealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON,RosAtom, RAS, RFBR, and NRC KI (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI, CPAN, PCTI, and FEDER(Spain); MOSTR (Sri Lanka); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCen-ter, IPST, STAR, and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC(United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Re-search Council and Horizon 2020 Grant, contract Nos. 675440, 724704, 752730, and 765710(European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexandervon Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la For-mation `a la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschapvoor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the F.R.S.-FNRS and FWO(Belgium) under the “Excellence of Science – EOS” – be.h project n. 30820817; the Beijing Mu-nicipal Science & Technology Commission, No. Z191100007219010; the Ministry of Educa-tion, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG), under Germany’s Excellence Strategy – EXC 2121 “Quantum Universe” – 390833306,and under project number 400140256 - GRK2497; the Lend ¨ulet (“Momentum”) Programmeand the J´anos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the New Na-tional Excellence Program ´UNKP, the NKFIA research grants 123842, 123959, 124845, 124850,125105, 128713, 128786, and 129058 (Hungary); the Council of Science and Industrial Re-search, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofi-nanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund, the Mobility Plus programme ofthe Ministry of Science and Higher Education, the National Science Center (Poland), contractsHarmonia 2014/14/M/ST2/00428, Opus 2014/13/B/ST2/02543, 2014/15/B/ST2/03998, and2015/19/B/ST2/02861, Sonata-bis 2012/07/E/ST2/01406; the National Priorities ResearchProgram by Qatar National Research Fund; the Ministry of Science and Higher Education,project no. 0723-2020-0041 (Russia); the Tomsk Polytechnic University Competitiveness En-hancement Program; the Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigaci ´on Cient´ıfica y T´ecnicade Excelencia Mar´ıa de Maeztu, grant MDM-2015-0509 and the Programa Severo Ochoa delPrincipado de Asturias; the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and theGreek NSRF; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn Uni-versity and the Chulalongkorn Academic into Its 2nd Century Project Advancement Project(Thailand); the Kavli Foundation; the Nvidia Corporation; the SuperMicro Corporation; theWelch Foundation, contract C-1845; and the Weston Havens Foundation (USA).
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Jet energy resolution effects may cause the x j of the dijet system to migrate from one bin toanother. The magnitude of this effect can be estimated from simulation. The plots illustrating x j bin migrations in PYTHIA
PYTHIA + HYDJET (PbPb) simulations are presented inFigs. A.1 and A.2. The plots in Fig. A.1 give the probability for the generator level dijet tobe in a specific x j bin, given the x j bin for the reconstructed dijet while those in Fig. A.2 givethe probability for the reconstructed dijet to be in a specific x j bin, given the x j bin for thegenerator level dijet. For example, for the PYTHIA < x j < x j valuesin central heavy collisions are more strongly broadened than in pp collisions in the simulation.In general, generator-level x j values tend to be higher than the reconstructed ones, meaningthat jet energy resolution effects cause dijets to be more unbalanced. pp j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x pp Cent: 50-90% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 50-90%
Cent: 30-50% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 30-50%
Cent: 10-30% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 10-30%
Cent: 0-10% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 0-10%
Figure A.1: Generator-level vs. reconstructed x j values in the analysis x j bins. The plots showthe probability to find a generator level x j for a given reconstructed x j . The PYTHIA
PYTHIA + HYDJET is shown in the lower-right plot. pp j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x pp Cent: 50-90% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 50-90%
Cent: 30-50% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 30-50%
Cent: 10-30% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 10-30%
Cent: 0-10% j Reconstructed x j G ene r a t o r l e v e l x Cent: 0-10%
Figure A.2: Generator-level vs. reconstructed x j values in the analysis x j bins. The plots showthe probability to find a reconstructed x j for a given generator level x j . The PYTHIA
PYTHIA + HYDJET is shown in the lower-right plot. B The CMS Collaboration
Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
A.M. Sirunyan † , A. Tumasyan Institut f ¨ur Hochenergiephysik, Wien, Austria
W. Adam, T. Bergauer, M. Dragicevic, J. Er ¨o, A. Escalante Del Valle, R. Fr ¨uhwirth , M. Jeitler ,N. Krammer, L. Lechner, D. Liko, T. Madlener, I. Mikulec, F.M. Pitters, N. Rad, J. Schieck ,R. Sch ¨ofbeck, M. Spanring, S. Templ, W. Waltenberger, C.-E. Wulz , M. Zarucki Institute for Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
V. Chekhovsky, A. Litomin, V. Makarenko, J. Suarez Gonzalez
Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
M.R. Darwish , E.A. De Wolf, D. Di Croce, X. Janssen, T. Kello , A. Lelek, M. Pieters,H. Rejeb Sfar, H. Van Haevermaet, P. Van Mechelen, S. Van Putte, N. Van Remortel Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
F. Blekman, E.S. Bols, S.S. Chhibra, J. D’Hondt, J. De Clercq, D. Lontkovskyi, S. Lowette,I. Marchesini, S. Moortgat, A. Morton, Q. Python, S. Tavernier, W. Van Doninck, P. Van Mulders
Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
D. Beghin, B. Bilin, B. Clerbaux, G. De Lentdecker, B. Dorney, L. Favart, A. Grebenyuk,A.K. Kalsi, I. Makarenko, L. Moureaux, L. P´etr´e, A. Popov, N. Postiau, E. Starling, L. Thomas,C. Vander Velde, P. Vanlaer, D. Vannerom, L. Wezenbeek
Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
T. Cornelis, D. Dobur, M. Gruchala, I. Khvastunov , M. Niedziela, C. Roskas, K. Skovpen,M. Tytgat, W. Verbeke, B. Vermassen, M. Vit Universit´e Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
G. Bruno, F. Bury, C. Caputo, P. David, C. Delaere, M. Delcourt, I.S. Donertas, A. Giammanco,V. Lemaitre, K. Mondal, J. Prisciandaro, A. Taliercio, M. Teklishyn, P. Vischia, S. Wertz,S. Wuyckens
Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisicas, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
G.A. Alves, C. Hensel, A. Moraes
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
W.L. Ald´a J ´unior, E. Belchior Batista Das Chagas, H. BRANDAO MALBOUISSON,W. Carvalho, J. Chinellato , E. Coelho, E.M. Da Costa, G.G. Da Silveira , D. De Jesus Damiao,S. Fonseca De Souza, J. Martins , D. Matos Figueiredo, M. Medina Jaime , C. Mora Herrera,L. Mundim, H. Nogima, P. Rebello Teles, L.J. Sanchez Rosas, A. Santoro, S.M. Silva Do Amaral,A. Sznajder, M. Thiel, F. Torres Da Silva De Araujo, A. Vilela Pereira Universidade Estadual Paulista a , Universidade Federal do ABC b , S˜ao Paulo, Brazil C.A. Bernardes a , a , L. Calligaris a , T.R. Fernandez Perez Tomei a , E.M. Gregores a , b , D.S. Lemos a ,P.G. Mercadante a , b , S.F. Novaes a , Sandra S. Padula a Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia,Bulgaria
A. Aleksandrov, G. Antchev, I. Atanasov, R. Hadjiiska, P. Iaydjiev, M. Misheva, M. Rodozov,M. Shopova, G. Sultanov University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
M. Bonchev, A. Dimitrov, T. Ivanov, L. Litov, B. Pavlov, P. Petkov, A. Petrov
Beihang University, Beijing, China
W. Fang , Q. Guo, H. Wang, L. Yuan Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
M. Ahmad, Z. Hu, Y. Wang, K. Yi Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China
E. Chapon, G.M. Chen , H.S. Chen , M. Chen, T. Javaid , A. Kapoor, D. Leggat, H. Liao,Z. Liu, R. Sharma, A. Spiezia, J. Tao, J. Thomas-wilsker, J. Wang, H. Zhang, S. Zhang , J. Zhao State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing, China
A. Agapitos, Y. Ban, C. Chen, Q. Huang, A. Levin, Q. Li, M. Lu, X. Lyu, Y. Mao, S.J. Qian,D. Wang, Q. Wang, J. Xiao
Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
Z. You
Institute of Modern Physics and Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beamApplication (MOE) - Fudan University, Shanghai, China
X. Gao Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
M. Xiao
Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia
C. Avila, A. Cabrera, C. Florez, J. Fraga, A. Sarkar, M.A. Segura Delgado
Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
J. Jaramillo, J. Mejia Guisao, F. Ramirez, J.D. Ruiz Alvarez, C.A. Salazar Gonz´alez,N. Vanegas Arbelaez
University of Split, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and NavalArchitecture, Split, Croatia
D. Giljanovic, N. Godinovic, D. Lelas, I. Puljak
University of Split, Faculty of Science, Split, Croatia
Z. Antunovic, M. Kovac, T. Sculac
Institute Rudjer Boskovic, Zagreb, Croatia
V. Brigljevic, D. Ferencek, D. Majumder, M. Roguljic, A. Starodumov , T. Susa University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
M.W. Ather, A. Attikis, E. Erodotou, A. Ioannou, G. Kole, M. Kolosova, S. Konstantinou,J. Mousa, C. Nicolaou, F. Ptochos, P.A. Razis, H. Rykaczewski, H. Saka, D. Tsiakkouri
Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
M. Finger , M. Finger Jr. , A. Kveton, J. Tomsa Escuela Politecnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
E. Ayala
Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
E. Carrera Jarrin Academy of Scientific Research and Technology of the Arab Republic of Egypt, EgyptianNetwork of High Energy Physics, Cairo, Egypt
A.A. Abdelalim , Y. Assran , E. Salama
Center for High Energy Physics (CHEP-FU), Fayoum University, El-Fayoum, Egypt
M.A. Mahmoud, Y. Mohammed
National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
S. Bhowmik, A. Carvalho Antunes De Oliveira, R.K. Dewanjee, K. Ehataht, M. Kadastik,M. Raidal, C. Veelken
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
P. Eerola, L. Forthomme, H. Kirschenmann, K. Osterberg, M. Voutilainen
Helsinki Institute of Physics, Helsinki, Finland
E. Br ¨ucken, F. Garcia, J. Havukainen, V. Karim¨aki, M.S. Kim, R. Kinnunen, T. Lamp´en,K. Lassila-Perini, S. Lehti, T. Lind´en, H. Siikonen, E. Tuominen, J. Tuominiemi
Lappeenranta University of Technology, Lappeenranta, Finland
P. Luukka, T. Tuuva
IRFU, CEA, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
C. Amendola, M. Besancon, F. Couderc, M. Dejardin, D. Denegri, J.L. Faure, F. Ferri, S. Ganjour,A. Givernaud, P. Gras, G. Hamel de Monchenault, P. Jarry, B. Lenzi, E. Locci, J. Malcles,J. Rander, A. Rosowsky, M. ¨O. Sahin, A. Savoy-Navarro , M. Titov, G.B. Yu Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, CNRS/IN2P3, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechniquede Paris, Palaiseau, France
S. Ahuja, F. Beaudette, M. Bonanomi, A. Buchot Perraguin, P. Busson, C. Charlot, O. Davignon,B. Diab, G. Falmagne, R. Granier de Cassagnac, A. Hakimi, I. Kucher, A. Lobanov,C. Martin Perez, M. Nguyen, C. Ochando, P. Paganini, J. Rembser, R. Salerno, J.B. Sauvan,Y. Sirois, A. Zabi, A. Zghiche
Universit´e de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, France
J.-L. Agram , J. Andrea, D. Bloch, G. Bourgatte, J.-M. Brom, E.C. Chabert, C. Collard, J.-C. Fontaine , D. Gel´e, U. Goerlach, C. Grimault, A.-C. Le Bihan, P. Van Hove Universit´e de Lyon, Universit´e Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS-IN2P3, Institut de PhysiqueNucl´eaire de Lyon, Villeurbanne, France
E. Asilar, S. Beauceron, C. Bernet, G. Boudoul, C. Camen, A. Carle, N. Chanon,D. Contardo, P. Depasse, H. El Mamouni, J. Fay, S. Gascon, M. Gouzevitch, B. Ille, Sa. Jain,I.B. Laktineh, H. Lattaud, A. Lesauvage, M. Lethuillier, L. Mirabito, L. Torterotot, G. Touquet,M. Vander Donckt, S. Viret
Georgian Technical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
A. Khvedelidze , Z. Tsamalaidze RWTH Aachen University, I. Physikalisches Institut, Aachen, Germany
L. Feld, K. Klein, M. Lipinski, D. Meuser, A. Pauls, M. Preuten, M.P. Rauch, J. Schulz,M. Teroerde
RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany
D. Eliseev, M. Erdmann, P. Fackeldey, B. Fischer, S. Ghosh, T. Hebbeker, K. Hoepfner, H. Keller,L. Mastrolorenzo, M. Merschmeyer, A. Meyer, G. Mocellin, S. Mondal, S. Mukherjee, D. Noll, A. Novak, T. Pook, A. Pozdnyakov, Y. Rath, H. Reithler, J. Roemer, A. Schmidt, S.C. Schuler,A. Sharma, S. Wiedenbeck, S. Zaleski
RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut B, Aachen, Germany
C. Dziwok, G. Fl ¨ugge, W. Haj Ahmad , O. Hlushchenko, T. Kress, A. Nowack, C. Pistone,O. Pooth, D. Roy, H. Sert, A. Stahl , T. Ziemons Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
H. Aarup Petersen, M. Aldaya Martin, P. Asmuss, I. Babounikau, S. Baxter, O. Behnke,A. Berm ´udez Mart´ınez, A.A. Bin Anuar, K. Borras , V. Botta, D. Brunner, A. Campbell,A. Cardini, P. Connor, S. Consuegra Rodr´ıguez, V. Danilov, A. De Wit, M.M. Defranchis,L. Didukh, D. Dom´ınguez Damiani, G. Eckerlin, D. Eckstein, T. Eichhorn, L.I. Estevez Banos,E. Gallo , A. Geiser, A. Giraldi, A. Grohsjean, M. Guthoff, A. Harb, A. Jafari , N.Z. Jomhari,H. Jung, A. Kasem , M. Kasemann, H. Kaveh, C. Kleinwort, J. Knolle, D. Kr ¨ucker, W. Lange,T. Lenz, J. Lidrych, K. Lipka, W. Lohmann , R. Mankel, I.-A. Melzer-Pellmann, J. Metwally,A.B. Meyer, M. Meyer, M. Missiroli, J. Mnich, A. Mussgiller, V. Myronenko, Y. Otarid,D. P´erez Ad´an, S.K. Pflitsch, D. Pitzl, A. Raspereza, A. Saggio, A. Saibel, M. Savitskyi,V. Scheurer, C. Schwanenberger, A. Singh, R.E. Sosa Ricardo, N. Tonon, O. Turkot, A. Vagnerini,M. Van De Klundert, R. Walsh, D. Walter, Y. Wen, K. Wichmann, C. Wissing, S. Wuchterl,O. Zenaiev, R. Zlebcik University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
R. Aggleton, S. Bein, L. Benato, A. Benecke, K. De Leo, T. Dreyer, A. Ebrahimi, M. Eich, F. Feindt,A. Fr ¨ohlich, C. Garbers, E. Garutti, P. Gunnellini, J. Haller, A. Hinzmann, A. Karavdina,G. Kasieczka, R. Klanner, R. Kogler, V. Kutzner, J. Lange, T. Lange, A. Malara, C.E.N. Niemeyer,A. Nigamova, K.J. Pena Rodriguez, O. Rieger, P. Schleper, S. Schumann, J. Schwandt,D. Schwarz, J. Sonneveld, H. Stadie, G. Steinbr ¨uck, B. Vormwald, I. Zoi
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie, Karlsruhe, Germany
J. Bechtel, T. Berger, E. Butz, R. Caspart, T. Chwalek, W. De Boer, A. Dierlamm, A. Droll,K. El Morabit, N. Faltermann, K. Fl ¨oh, M. Giffels, A. Gottmann, F. Hartmann , C. Heidecker,U. Husemann, M.A. Iqbal, I. Katkov , P. Keicher, R. Koppenh ¨ofer, S. Maier, M. Metzler,S. Mitra, D. M ¨uller, Th. M ¨uller, M. Musich, G. Quast, K. Rabbertz, J. Rauser, D. Savoiu,D. Sch¨afer, M. Schnepf, M. Schr ¨oder, D. Seith, I. Shvetsov, H.J. Simonis, R. Ulrich, M. Wassmer,M. Weber, R. Wolf, S. Wozniewski Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics (INPP), NCSR Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi,Greece
G. Anagnostou, P. Asenov, G. Daskalakis, T. Geralis, A. Kyriakis, D. Loukas, G. Paspalaki,A. Stakia
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
M. Diamantopoulou, D. Karasavvas, G. Karathanasis, P. Kontaxakis, C.K. Koraka,A. Manousakis-katsikakis, A. Panagiotou, I. Papavergou, N. Saoulidou, K. Theofilatos,K. Vellidis, E. Vourliotis
National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
G. Bakas, K. Kousouris, I. Papakrivopoulos, G. Tsipolitis, A. Zacharopoulou
University of Io´annina, Io´annina, Greece
I. Evangelou, C. Foudas, P. Gianneios, P. Katsoulis, P. Kokkas, K. Manitara, N. Manthos,I. Papadopoulos, J. Strologas MTA-ELTE Lend ¨ulet CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, E ¨otv ¨os Lor´and University,Budapest, Hungary
M. Bart ´ok , M. Csanad, M.M.A. Gadallah , S. L ¨ok ¨os , P. Major, K. Mandal, A. Mehta,G. Pasztor, O. Sur´anyi, G.I. Veres Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, Hungary
G. Bencze, C. Hajdu, D. Horvath , F. Sikler, V. Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi † Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
S. Czellar, J. Karancsi , J. Molnar, Z. Szillasi, D. Teyssier Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
P. Raics, Z.L. Trocsanyi, B. Ujvari
Eszterhazy Karoly University, Karoly Robert Campus, Gyongyos, Hungary
T. Csorgo, F. Nemes, T. Novak
Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, India
S. Choudhury, J.R. Komaragiri, D. Kumar, L. Panwar, P.C. Tiwari
National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar, India
S. Bahinipati , D. Dash, C. Kar, P. Mal, T. Mishra, V.K. Muraleedharan Nair Bindhu,A. Nayak , D.K. Sahoo , N. Sur, S.K. Swain Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
S. Bansal, S.B. Beri, V. Bhatnagar, G. Chaudhary, S. Chauhan, N. Dhingra , R. Gupta, A. Kaur,S. Kaur, P. Kumari, M. Meena, K. Sandeep, S. Sharma, J.B. Singh, A.K. Virdi University of Delhi, Delhi, India
A. Ahmed, A. Bhardwaj, B.C. Choudhary, R.B. Garg, M. Gola, S. Keshri, A. Kumar,M. Naimuddin, P. Priyanka, K. Ranjan, A. Shah
Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, HBNI, Kolkata, India
M. Bharti , R. Bhattacharya, S. Bhattacharya, D. Bhowmik, S. Dutta, S. Ghosh, B. Gomber ,M. Maity , S. Nandan, P. Palit, P.K. Rout, G. Saha, B. Sahu, S. Sarkar, M. Sharan, B. Singh ,S. Thakur Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Madras, India
P.K. Behera, S.C. Behera, P. Kalbhor, A. Muhammad, R. Pradhan, P.R. Pujahari, A. Sharma,A.K. Sikdar
Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
D. Dutta, V. Kumar, K. Naskar , P.K. Netrakanti, L.M. Pant, P. Shukla Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-A, Mumbai, India
T. Aziz, M.A. Bhat, S. Dugad, R. Kumar Verma, G.B. Mohanty, U. Sarkar
Tata Institute of Fundamental Research-B, Mumbai, India
S. Banerjee, S. Bhattacharya, S. Chatterjee, R. Chudasama, M. Guchait, S. Karmakar, S. Kumar,G. Majumder, K. Mazumdar, S. Mukherjee, D. Roy
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, India
S. Dube, B. Kansal, S. Pandey, A. Rane, A. Rastogi, S. Sharma
Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
H. Bakhshiansohi , M. Zeinali Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
S. Chenarani , S.M. Etesami, M. Khakzad, M. Mohammadi Najafabadi University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
M. Felcini, M. Grunewald
INFN Sezione di Bari a , Universit`a di Bari b , Politecnico di Bari c , Bari, Italy M. Abbrescia a , b , R. Aly a , b ,41 , C. Aruta a , b , A. Colaleo a , D. Creanza a , c , N. De Filippis a , c ,M. De Palma a , b , A. Di Florio a , b , A. Di Pilato a , b , W. Elmetenawee a , b , L. Fiore a , A. Gelmi a , b ,M. Gul a , G. Iaselli a , c , M. Ince a , b , S. Lezki a , b , G. Maggi a , c , M. Maggi a , I. Margjeka a , b ,V. Mastrapasqua a , b , J.A. Merlin a , S. My a , b , S. Nuzzo a , b , A. Pompili a , b , G. Pugliese a , c , A. Ranieri a ,G. Selvaggi a , b , L. Silvestris a , F.M. Simone a , b , R. Venditti a , P. Verwilligen a INFN Sezione di Bologna a , Universit`a di Bologna b , Bologna, Italy G. Abbiendi a , C. Battilana a , b , D. Bonacorsi a , b , L. Borgonovi a , S. Braibant-Giacomelli a , b ,R. Campanini a , b , P. Capiluppi a , b , A. Castro a , b , F.R. Cavallo a , C. Ciocca a , M. Cuffiani a , b ,G.M. Dallavalle a , T. Diotalevi a , b , F. Fabbri a , A. Fanfani a , b , E. Fontanesi a , b , P. Giacomelli a ,L. Giommi a , b , C. Grandi a , L. Guiducci a , b , F. Iemmi a , b , S. Lo Meo a ,42 , S. Marcellini a , G. Masetti a ,F.L. Navarria a , b , A. Perrotta a , F. Primavera a , b , A.M. Rossi a , b , T. Rovelli a , b , G.P. Siroli a , b , N. Tosi a INFN Sezione di Catania a , Universit`a di Catania b , Catania, Italy S. Albergo a , b ,43 , S. Costa a , b ,43 , A. Di Mattia a , R. Potenza a , b , A. Tricomi a , b ,43 , C. Tuve a , b INFN Sezione di Firenze a , Universit`a di Firenze b , Firenze, Italy G. Barbagli a , A. Cassese a , R. Ceccarelli a , b , V. Ciulli a , b , C. Civinini a , R. D’Alessandro a , b , F. Fiori a ,E. Focardi a , b , G. Latino a , b , P. Lenzi a , b , M. Lizzo a , b , M. Meschini a , S. Paoletti a , R. Seidita a , b ,G. Sguazzoni a , L. Viliani a INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati, Italy
L. Benussi, S. Bianco, D. Piccolo
INFN Sezione di Genova a , Universit`a di Genova b , Genova, Italy M. Bozzo a , b , F. Ferro a , R. Mulargia a , b , E. Robutti a , S. Tosi a , b INFN Sezione di Milano-Bicocca a , Universit`a di Milano-Bicocca b , Milano, Italy A. Benaglia a , A. Beschi a , b , F. Brivio a , b , F. Cetorelli a , b , V. Ciriolo a , b ,21 , F. De Guio a , b ,M.E. Dinardo a , b , P. Dini a , S. Gennai a , A. Ghezzi a , b , P. Govoni a , b , L. Guzzi a , b , M. Malberti a ,S. Malvezzi a , A. Massironi a , D. Menasce a , F. Monti a , b , L. Moroni a , M. Paganoni a , b , D. Pedrini a ,S. Ragazzi a , b , T. Tabarelli de Fatis a , b , D. Valsecchi a , b ,21 , D. Zuolo a , b INFN Sezione di Napoli a , Universit`a di Napoli ’Federico II’ b , Napoli, Italy, Universit`a dellaBasilicata c , Potenza, Italy, Universit`a G. Marconi d , Roma, Italy S. Buontempo a , N. Cavallo a , c , A. De Iorio a , b , F. Fabozzi a , c , F. Fienga a , A.O.M. Iorio a , b , L. Lista a , b ,S. Meola a , d ,21 , P. Paolucci a ,21 , B. Rossi a , C. Sciacca a , b , E. Voevodina a , b INFN Sezione di Padova a , Universit`a di Padova b , Padova, Italy, Universit`a di Trento c ,Trento, Italy P. Azzi a , N. Bacchetta a , D. Bisello a , b , P. Bortignon a , A. Bragagnolo a , b , R. Carlin a , b , P. Checchia a ,P. De Castro Manzano a , T. Dorigo a , F. Gasparini a , b , U. Gasparini a , b , S.Y. Hoh a , b , L. Layer a ,44 ,M. Margoni a , b , A.T. Meneguzzo a , b , M. Presilla a , b , P. Ronchese a , b , R. Rossin a , b , F. Simonetto a , b ,G. Strong a , M. Tosi a , b , H. YARAR a , b , M. Zanetti a , b , P. Zotto a , b , A. Zucchetta a , b , G. Zumerle a , b INFN Sezione di Pavia a , Universit`a di Pavia b , Pavia, Italy C. Aime‘ a , b , A. Braghieri a , S. Calzaferri a , b , D. Fiorina a , b , P. Montagna a , b , S.P. Ratti a , b , V. Re a ,M. Ressegotti a , b , C. Riccardi a , b , P. Salvini a , I. Vai a , P. Vitulo a , b INFN Sezione di Perugia a , Universit`a di Perugia b , Perugia, Italy M. Biasini a , b , G.M. Bilei a , D. Ciangottini a , b , L. Fan `o a , b , P. Lariccia a , b , G. Mantovani a , b ,V. Mariani a , b , M. Menichelli a , F. Moscatelli a , A. Piccinelli a , b , A. Rossi a , b , A. Santocchia a , b ,D. Spiga a , T. Tedeschi a , b INFN Sezione di Pisa a , Universit`a di Pisa b , Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa c , Pisa Italy,Universit`a di Siena d , Siena, Italy K. Androsov a , P. Azzurri a , G. Bagliesi a , V. Bertacchi a , c , L. Bianchini a , T. Boccali a , R. Castaldi a ,M.A. Ciocci a , b , R. Dell’Orso a , M.R. Di Domenico a , d , S. Donato a , L. Giannini a , c , A. Giassi a ,M.T. Grippo a , F. Ligabue a , c , E. Manca a , c , G. Mandorli a , c , A. Messineo a , b , F. Palla a , G. Ramirez-Sanchez a , c , A. Rizzi a , b , G. Rolandi a , c , S. Roy Chowdhury a , c , A. Scribano a , N. Shafiei a , b ,P. Spagnolo a , R. Tenchini a , G. Tonelli a , b , N. Turini a , d , A. Venturi a , P.G. Verdini a INFN Sezione di Roma a , Sapienza Universit`a di Roma b , Rome, Italy F. Cavallari a , M. Cipriani a , b , D. Del Re a , b , E. Di Marco a , M. Diemoz a , E. Longo a , b , P. Meridiani a ,G. Organtini a , b , F. Pandolfi a , R. Paramatti a , b , C. Quaranta a , b , S. Rahatlou a , b , C. Rovelli a ,F. Santanastasio a , b , L. Soffi a , b , R. Tramontano a , b INFN Sezione di Torino a , Universit`a di Torino b , Torino, Italy, Universit`a del PiemonteOrientale c , Novara, Italy N. Amapane a , b , R. Arcidiacono a , c , S. Argiro a , b , M. Arneodo a , c , N. Bartosik a , R. Bellan a , b ,A. Bellora a , b , J. Berenguer Antequera a , b , C. Biino a , A. Cappati a , b , N. Cartiglia a , S. Cometti a ,M. Costa a , b , R. Covarelli a , b , N. Demaria a , B. Kiani a , b , F. Legger a , C. Mariotti a , S. Maselli a ,E. Migliore a , b , V. Monaco a , b , E. Monteil a , b , M. Monteno a , M.M. Obertino a , b , G. Ortona a ,L. Pacher a , b , N. Pastrone a , M. Pelliccioni a , G.L. Pinna Angioni a , b , M. Ruspa a , c , R. Salvatico a , b ,F. Siviero a , b , V. Sola a , A. Solano a , b , D. Soldi a , b , A. Staiano a , M. Tornago a , b , D. Trocino a , b INFN Sezione di Trieste a , Universit`a di Trieste b , Trieste, Italy S. Belforte a , V. Candelise a , b , M. Casarsa a , F. Cossutti a , A. Da Rold a , b , G. Della Ricca a , b ,F. Vazzoler a , b Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
S. Dogra, C. Huh, B. Kim, D.H. Kim, G.N. Kim, J. Lee, S.W. Lee, C.S. Moon, Y.D. Oh, S.I. Pak,B.C. Radburn-Smith, S. Sekmen, Y.C. Yang
Chonnam National University, Institute for Universe and Elementary Particles, Kwangju,Korea
H. Kim, D.H. Moon
Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
B. Francois, T.J. Kim, J. Park
Korea University, Seoul, Korea
S. Cho, S. Choi, Y. Go, S. Ha, B. Hong, K. Lee, K.S. Lee, J. Lim, J. Park, S.K. Park, J. Yoo
Kyung Hee University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
J. Goh, A. Gurtu
Sejong University, Seoul, Korea
H.S. Kim, Y. Kim4
H.S. Kim, Y. Kim4 Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
J. Almond, J.H. Bhyun, J. Choi, S. Jeon, J. Kim, J.S. Kim, S. Ko, H. Kwon, H. Lee, K. Lee, S. Lee,K. Nam, B.H. Oh, M. Oh, S.B. Oh, H. Seo, U.K. Yang, I. Yoon
University of Seoul, Seoul, Korea
D. Jeon, J.H. Kim, B. Ko, J.S.H. Lee, I.C. Park, Y. Roh, D. Song, I.J. Watson
Yonsei University, Department of Physics, Seoul, Korea
H.D. Yoo
Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
Y. Choi, C. Hwang, Y. Jeong, H. Lee, Y. Lee, I. Yu
College of Engineering and Technology, American University of the Middle East (AUM),Dasman, Kuwait
Y. Maghrbi
Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia
V. Veckalns Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
A. Juodagalvis, A. Rinkevicius, G. Tamulaitis, A. Vaitkevicius
National Centre for Particle Physics, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
W.A.T. Wan Abdullah, M.N. Yusli, Z. Zolkapli
Universidad de Sonora (UNISON), Hermosillo, Mexico
J.F. Benitez, A. Castaneda Hernandez, J.A. Murillo Quijada, L. Valencia Palomo
Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
G. Ayala, H. Castilla-Valdez, E. De La Cruz-Burelo, I. Heredia-De La Cruz , R. Lopez-Fernandez, C.A. Mondragon Herrera, D.A. Perez Navarro, A. Sanchez-Hernandez Universidad Iberoamericana, Mexico City, Mexico
S. Carrillo Moreno, C. Oropeza Barrera, M. Ramirez-Garcia, F. Vazquez Valencia
Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
J. Eysermans, I. Pedraza, H.A. Salazar Ibarguen, C. Uribe Estrada
Universidad Aut ´onoma de San Luis Potos´ı, San Luis Potos´ı, Mexico
A. Morelos Pineda
University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
J. Mijuskovic , N. Raicevic University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
D. Krofcheck
University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
S. Bheesette, P.H. Butler
National Centre for Physics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
A. Ahmad, M.I. Asghar, A. Awais, M.I.M. Awan, H.R. Hoorani, W.A. Khan, M.A. Shah,M. Shoaib, M. Waqas AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science, Electronics andTelecommunications, Krakow, Poland
V. Avati, L. Grzanka, M. Malawski
National Centre for Nuclear Research, Swierk, Poland
H. Bialkowska, M. Bluj, B. Boimska, T. Frueboes, M. G ´orski, M. Kazana, M. Szleper, P. Traczyk,P. Zalewski
Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
K. Bunkowski, K. Doroba, A. Kalinowski, M. Konecki, J. Krolikowski, M. Walczak
Laborat ´orio de Instrumenta¸c˜ao e F´ısica Experimental de Part´ıculas, Lisboa, Portugal
M. Araujo, P. Bargassa, D. Bastos, A. Boletti, P. Faccioli, M. Gallinaro, J. Hollar, N. Leonardo,T. Niknejad, J. Seixas, K. Shchelina, O. Toldaiev, J. Varela
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia
S. Afanasiev, P. Bunin, M. Gavrilenko, I. Golutvin, I. Gorbunov, A. Kamenev, V. Karjavine,A. Lanev, A. Malakhov, V. Matveev , V. Palichik, V. Perelygin, M. Savina, V. Shalaev,S. Shmatov, S. Shulha, V. Smirnov, O. Teryaev, N. Voytishin, B.S. Yuldashev , A. Zarubin,I. Zhizhin Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina (St. Petersburg), Russia
G. Gavrilov, V. Golovtcov, Y. Ivanov, V. Kim , E. Kuznetsova , V. Murzin, V. Oreshkin,I. Smirnov, D. Sosnov, V. Sulimov, L. Uvarov, S. Volkov, A. Vorobyev Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia
Yu. Andreev, A. Dermenev, S. Gninenko, N. Golubev, A. Karneyeu, M. Kirsanov, N. Krasnikov,A. Pashenkov, G. Pivovarov, D. Tlisov † , A. Toropin Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov of NRC‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia
V. Epshteyn, V. Gavrilov, N. Lychkovskaya, A. Nikitenko , V. Popov, G. Safronov,A. Spiridonov, A. Stepennov, M. Toms, E. Vlasov, A. Zhokin Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
T. Aushev
National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics Institute’ (MEPhI),Moscow, Russia
O. Bychkova, M. Chadeeva , D. Philippov, E. Popova, V. Rusinov P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
V. Andreev, M. Azarkin, I. Dremin, M. Kirakosyan, A. Terkulov
Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow,Russia
A. Belyaev, E. Boos, A. Ershov, A. Gribushin, A. Kaminskiy , O. Kodolova, V. Korotkikh,I. Lokhtin, S. Obraztsov, S. Petrushanko, V. Savrin, A. Snigirev, I. Vardanyan Novosibirsk State University (NSU), Novosibirsk, Russia
V. Blinov , T. Dimova , L. Kardapoltsev , I. Ovtin , Y. Skovpen Institute for High Energy Physics of National Research Centre ‘Kurchatov Institute’,Protvino, Russia
I. Azhgirey, I. Bayshev, V. Kachanov, A. Kalinin, D. Konstantinov, V. Petrov, R. Ryutin, A. Sobol,S. Troshin, N. Tyurin, A. Uzunian, A. Volkov
National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia
A. Babaev, A. Iuzhakov, V. Okhotnikov, L. Sukhikh
Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
V. Borchsh, V. Ivanchenko, E. Tcherniaev
University of Belgrade: Faculty of Physics and VINCA Institute of Nuclear Sciences,Belgrade, Serbia
P. Adzic , P. Cirkovic, M. Dordevic, P. Milenovic, J. Milosevic Centro de Investigaciones Energ´eticas Medioambientales y Tecnol ´ogicas (CIEMAT),Madrid, Spain
M. Aguilar-Benitez, J. Alcaraz Maestre, A. ´Alvarez Fern´andez, I. Bachiller, M. Barrio Luna,Cristina F. Bedoya, J.A. Brochero Cifuentes, C.A. Carrillo Montoya, M. Cepeda, M. Cerrada,N. Colino, B. De La Cruz, A. Delgado Peris, J.P. Fern´andez Ramos, J. Flix, M.C. Fouz,A. Garc´ıa Alonso, O. Gonzalez Lopez, S. Goy Lopez, J.M. Hernandez, M.I. Josa,J. Le ´on Holgado, D. Moran, ´A. Navarro Tobar, A. P´erez-Calero Yzquierdo, J. Puerta Pelayo,I. Redondo, L. Romero, S. S´anchez Navas, M.S. Soares, A. Triossi, L. Urda G ´omez, C. Willmott
Universidad Aut ´onoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
C. Albajar, J.F. de Troc ´oniz, R. Reyes-Almanza
Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias y Tecnolog´ıas Espaciales deAsturias (ICTEA), Oviedo, Spain
B. Alvarez Gonzalez, J. Cuevas, C. Erice, J. Fernandez Menendez, S. Folgueras, I. Gonza-lez Caballero, E. Palencia Cortezon, C. Ram ´on ´Alvarez, J. Ripoll Sau, V. Rodr´ıguez Bouza,S. Sanchez Cruz, A. Trapote
Instituto de F´ısica de Cantabria (IFCA), CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
I.J. Cabrillo, A. Calderon, B. Chazin Quero, J. Duarte Campderros, M. Fernandez,P.J. Fern´andez Manteca, G. Gomez, C. Martinez Rivero, P. Martinez Ruiz del Arbol, F. Matorras,J. Piedra Gomez, C. Prieels, F. Ricci-Tam, T. Rodrigo, A. Ruiz-Jimeno, L. Scodellaro, I. Vila,J.M. Vizan Garcia
University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
MK Jayananda, B. Kailasapathy , D.U.J. Sonnadara, DDC Wickramarathna University of Ruhuna, Department of Physics, Matara, Sri Lanka
W.G.D. Dharmaratna, K. Liyanage, N. Perera, N. Wickramage
CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland
T.K. Aarrestad, D. Abbaneo, B. Akgun, E. Auffray, G. Auzinger, J. Baechler, P. Baillon,A.H. Ball, D. Barney, J. Bendavid, N. Beni, M. Bianco, A. Bocci, E. Bossini, E. Brondolin,T. Camporesi, M. Capeans Garrido, G. Cerminara, L. Cristella, D. d’Enterria, A. Dabrowski,N. Daci, V. Daponte, A. David, A. De Roeck, M. Deile, R. Di Maria, M. Dobson, M. D ¨unser,N. Dupont, A. Elliott-Peisert, N. Emriskova, F. Fallavollita , D. Fasanella, S. Fiorendi,A. Florent, G. Franzoni, J. Fulcher, W. Funk, S. Giani, D. Gigi, K. Gill, F. Glege, L. Gouskos,M. Guilbaud, D. Gulhan, M. Haranko, J. Hegeman, Y. Iiyama, V. Innocente, T. James, P. Janot,J. Kaspar, J. Kieseler, M. Komm, N. Kratochwil, C. Lange, S. Laurila, P. Lecoq, K. Long, C. Lourenc¸o, L. Malgeri, S. Mallios, M. Mannelli, F. Meijers, S. Mersi, E. Meschi, F. Moortgat,M. Mulders, J. Niedziela, S. Orfanelli, L. Orsini, F. Pantaleo , L. Pape, E. Perez, M. Peruzzi,A. Petrilli, G. Petrucciani, A. Pfeiffer, M. Pierini, T. Quast, D. Rabady, A. Racz, M. Rieger,M. Rovere, H. Sakulin, J. Salfeld-Nebgen, S. Scarfi, C. Sch¨afer, C. Schwick, M. Selvaggi,A. Sharma, P. Silva, W. Snoeys, P. Sphicas , S. Summers, V.R. Tavolaro, D. Treille, A. Tsirou,G.P. Van Onsem, A. Vartak, M. Verzetti, K.A. Wozniak, W.D. Zeuner Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland
L. Caminada , W. Erdmann, R. Horisberger, Q. Ingram, H.C. Kaestli, D. Kotlinski,U. Langenegger, T. Rohe ETH Zurich - Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics (IPA), Zurich, Switzerland
M. Backhaus, P. Berger, A. Calandri, N. Chernyavskaya, A. De Cosa, G. Dissertori, M. Dittmar,M. Doneg`a, C. Dorfer, T. Gadek, T.A. G ´omez Espinosa, C. Grab, D. Hits, W. Lustermann,A.-M. Lyon, R.A. Manzoni, M.T. Meinhard, F. Micheli, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, F. Pauss, V. Perovic,G. Perrin, S. Pigazzini, M.G. Ratti, M. Reichmann, C. Reissel, T. Reitenspiess, B. Ristic, D. Ruini,D.A. Sanz Becerra, M. Sch ¨onenberger, V. Stampf, J. Steggemann , M.L. Vesterbacka Olsson,R. Wallny, D.H. Zhu Universit¨at Z ¨urich, Zurich, Switzerland
C. Amsler , C. Botta, D. Brzhechko, M.F. Canelli, R. Del Burgo, J.K. Heikkil¨a, M. Huwiler,A. Jofrehei, B. Kilminster, S. Leontsinis, A. Macchiolo, P. Meiring, V.M. Mikuni, U. Molinatti,I. Neutelings, G. Rauco, A. Reimers, P. Robmann, K. Schweiger, Y. Takahashi National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
C. Adloff , C.M. Kuo, W. Lin, A. Roy, T. Sarkar , S.S. Yu National Taiwan University (NTU), Taipei, Taiwan
L. Ceard, P. Chang, Y. Chao, K.F. Chen, P.H. Chen, W.-S. Hou, Y.y. Li, R.-S. Lu, E. Paganis,A. Psallidas, A. Steen, E. Yazgan
Chulalongkorn University, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bangkok, Thailand
B. Asavapibhop, C. Asawatangtrakuldee, N. Srimanobhas
C¸ ukurova University, Physics Department, Science and Art Faculty, Adana, Turkey
F. Boran, S. Damarseckin , Z.S. Demiroglu, F. Dolek, C. Dozen , I. Dumanoglu , E. Eskut,G. Gokbulut, Y. Guler, E. Gurpinar Guler , I. Hos , C. Isik, E.E. Kangal , O. Kara,A. Kayis Topaksu, U. Kiminsu, G. Onengut, K. Ozdemir , A. Polatoz, A.E. Simsek, B. Tali ,U.G. Tok, S. Turkcapar, I.S. Zorbakir, C. Zorbilmez Middle East Technical University, Physics Department, Ankara, Turkey
B. Isildak , G. Karapinar , K. Ocalan , M. Yalvac Bogazici University, Istanbul, Turkey
I.O. Atakisi, E. G ¨ulmez, M. Kaya , O. Kaya , ¨O. ¨Ozc¸elik, S. Tekten , E.A. Yetkin Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
A. Cakir, K. Cankocak , Y. Komurcu, S. Sen Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
F. Aydogmus Sen, S. Cerci , B. Kaynak, S. Ozkorucuklu, D. Sunar Cerci Institute for Scintillation Materials of National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kharkov,Ukraine
B. Grynyov National Scientific Center, Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine
L. Levchuk
University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
E. Bhal, S. Bologna, J.J. Brooke, E. Clement, D. Cussans, H. Flacher, J. Goldstein, G.P. Heath,H.F. Heath, L. Kreczko, B. Krikler, S. Paramesvaran, T. Sakuma, S. Seif El Nasr-Storey, V.J. Smith,N. Stylianou , J. Taylor, A. Titterton Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, United Kingdom
K.W. Bell, A. Belyaev , C. Brew, R.M. Brown, D.J.A. Cockerill, K.V. Ellis, K. Harder,S. Harper, J. Linacre, K. Manolopoulos, D.M. Newbold, E. Olaiya, D. Petyt, T. Reis, T. Schuh,C.H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Thea, I.R. Tomalin, T. Williams Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
R. Bainbridge, P. Bloch, S. Bonomally, J. Borg, S. Breeze, O. Buchmuller, A. Bundock, V. Cepaitis,G.S. Chahal , D. Colling, P. Dauncey, G. Davies, M. Della Negra, G. Fedi, G. Hall, G. Iles,J. Langford, L. Lyons, A.-M. Magnan, S. Malik, A. Martelli, V. Milosevic, J. Nash , V. Palladino,M. Pesaresi, D.M. Raymond, A. Richards, A. Rose, E. Scott, C. Seez, A. Shtipliyski, M. Stoye,A. Tapper, K. Uchida, T. Virdee , N. Wardle, S.N. Webb, D. Winterbottom, A.G. Zecchinelli Brunel University, Uxbridge, United Kingdom
J.E. Cole, P.R. Hobson, A. Khan, P. Kyberd, C.K. Mackay, I.D. Reid, L. Teodorescu, S. Zahid
Baylor University, Waco, USA
S. Abdullin, A. Brinkerhoff, K. Call, B. Caraway, J. Dittmann, K. Hatakeyama, A.R. Kanuganti,C. Madrid, B. McMaster, N. Pastika, S. Sawant, C. Smith, J. Wilson
Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, USA
R. Bartek, A. Dominguez, R. Uniyal, A.M. Vargas Hernandez
The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, USA
A. Buccilli, O. Charaf, S.I. Cooper, S.V. Gleyzer, C. Henderson, P. Rumerio, C. West
Boston University, Boston, USA
A. Akpinar, A. Albert, D. Arcaro, C. Cosby, Z. Demiragli, D. Gastler, J. Rohlf, K. Salyer,D. Sperka, D. Spitzbart, I. Suarez, S. Yuan, D. Zou
Brown University, Providence, USA
G. Benelli, B. Burkle, X. Coubez , D. Cutts, Y.t. Duh, M. Hadley, U. Heintz, J.M. Hogan ,K.H.M. Kwok, E. Laird, G. Landsberg, K.T. Lau, J. Lee, M. Narain, S. Sagir , R. Syarif, E. Usai,W.Y. Wong, D. Yu, W. Zhang University of California, Davis, Davis, USA
R. Band, C. Brainerd, R. Breedon, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M. Chertok, J. Conway,R. Conway, P.T. Cox, R. Erbacher, C. Flores, G. Funk, F. Jensen, W. Ko † , O. Kukral, R. Lander,M. Mulhearn, D. Pellett, J. Pilot, M. Shi, D. Taylor, K. Tos, M. Tripathi, Y. Yao, F. Zhang University of California, Los Angeles, USA
M. Bachtis, R. Cousins, A. Dasgupta, D. Hamilton, J. Hauser, M. Ignatenko, T. Lam, N. Mccoll,W.A. Nash, S. Regnard, D. Saltzberg, C. Schnaible, B. Stone, V. Valuev
University of California, Riverside, Riverside, USA
K. Burt, Y. Chen, R. Clare, J.W. Gary, G. Hanson, G. Karapostoli, O.R. Long, N. Manganelli,M. Olmedo Negrete, M.I. Paneva, W. Si, S. Wimpenny, Y. Zhang University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
J.G. Branson, P. Chang, S. Cittolin, S. Cooperstein, N. Deelen, J. Duarte, R. Gerosa, D. Gilbert,V. Krutelyov, J. Letts, M. Masciovecchio, S. May, S. Padhi, M. Pieri, V. Sharma, M. Tadel,F. W ¨urthwein, A. Yagil
University of California, Santa Barbara - Department of Physics, Santa Barbara, USA
N. Amin, C. Campagnari, M. Citron, A. Dorsett, V. Dutta, J. Incandela, B. Marsh, H. Mei,A. Ovcharova, H. Qu, M. Quinnan, J. Richman, U. Sarica, D. Stuart, S. Wang
California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA
A. Bornheim, O. Cerri, I. Dutta, J.M. Lawhorn, N. Lu, J. Mao, H.B. Newman, J. Ngadiuba,T.Q. Nguyen, J. Pata, M. Spiropulu, J.R. Vlimant, C. Wang, S. Xie, Z. Zhang, R.Y. Zhu
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA
J. Alison, M.B. Andrews, T. Ferguson, T. Mudholkar, M. Paulini, M. Sun, I. Vorobiev
University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, USA
J.P. Cumalat, W.T. Ford, E. MacDonald, T. Mulholland, R. Patel, A. Perloff, K. Stenson,K.A. Ulmer, S.R. Wagner
Cornell University, Ithaca, USA
J. Alexander, Y. Cheng, J. Chu, D.J. Cranshaw, A. Datta, A. Frankenthal, K. Mcdermott,J. Monroy, J.R. Patterson, D. Quach, A. Ryd, W. Sun, S.M. Tan, Z. Tao, J. Thom, P. Wittich,M. Zientek
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, USA
M. Albrow, M. Alyari, G. Apollinari, A. Apresyan, A. Apyan, S. Banerjee, L.A.T. Bauerdick,A. Beretvas, D. Berry, J. Berryhill, P.C. Bhat, K. Burkett, J.N. Butler, A. Canepa, G.B. Cerati,H.W.K. Cheung, F. Chlebana, M. Cremonesi, V.D. Elvira, J. Freeman, Z. Gecse, E. Gottschalk,L. Gray, D. Green, S. Gr ¨unendahl, O. Gutsche, R.M. Harris, S. Hasegawa, R. Heller, T.C. Herwig,J. Hirschauer, B. Jayatilaka, S. Jindariani, M. Johnson, U. Joshi, P. Klabbers, T. Klijnsma,B. Klima, M.J. Kortelainen, S. Lammel, D. Lincoln, R. Lipton, M. Liu, T. Liu, J. Lykken,K. Maeshima, D. Mason, P. McBride, P. Merkel, S. Mrenna, S. Nahn, V. O’Dell, V. Papadimitriou,K. Pedro, C. Pena , O. Prokofyev, F. Ravera, A. Reinsvold Hall, L. Ristori, B. Schneider,E. Sexton-Kennedy, N. Smith, A. Soha, W.J. Spalding, L. Spiegel, S. Stoynev, J. Strait, L. Taylor,S. Tkaczyk, N.V. Tran, L. Uplegger, E.W. Vaandering, H.A. Weber, A. Woodard University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
D. Acosta, P. Avery, D. Bourilkov, L. Cadamuro, V. Cherepanov, F. Errico, R.D. Field,D. Guerrero, B.M. Joshi, M. Kim, J. Konigsberg, A. Korytov, K.H. Lo, K. Matchev, N. Menendez,G. Mitselmakher, D. Rosenzweig, K. Shi, J. Sturdy, J. Wang, S. Wang, X. Zuo
Florida State University, Tallahassee, USA
T. Adams, A. Askew, D. Diaz, R. Habibullah, S. Hagopian, V. Hagopian, K.F. Johnson,R. Khurana, T. Kolberg, G. Martinez, H. Prosper, C. Schiber, R. Yohay, J. Zhang
Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, USA
M.M. Baarmand, S. Butalla, T. Elkafrawy , M. Hohlmann, D. Noonan, M. Rahmani,M. Saunders, F. Yumiceva University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC), Chicago, USA
M.R. Adams, L. Apanasevich, H. Becerril Gonzalez, R. Cavanaugh, X. Chen, S. Dittmer,O. Evdokimov, C.E. Gerber, D.A. Hangal, D.J. Hofman, C. Mills, G. Oh, T. Roy, M.B. Tonjes,N. Varelas, J. Viinikainen, X. Wang, Z. Wu, Z. Ye The University of Iowa, Iowa City, USA
M. Alhusseini, K. Dilsiz , S. Durgut, R.P. Gandrajula, M. Haytmyradov, V. Khristenko,O.K. K ¨oseyan, J.-P. Merlo, A. Mestvirishvili , A. Moeller, J. Nachtman, H. Ogul , Y. Onel,F. Ozok , A. Penzo, C. Snyder, E. Tiras, J. Wetzel Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
O. Amram, B. Blumenfeld, L. Corcodilos, M. Eminizer, A.V. Gritsan, S. Kyriacou,P. Maksimovic, C. Mantilla, J. Roskes, M. Swartz, T. ´A. V´ami
The University of Kansas, Lawrence, USA
C. Baldenegro Barrera, P. Baringer, A. Bean, A. Bylinkin, T. Isidori, S. Khalil, J. King,G. Krintiras, A. Kropivnitskaya, C. Lindsey, N. Minafra, M. Murray, C. Rogan, C. Royon,S. Sanders, E. Schmitz, J.D. Tapia Takaki, Q. Wang, J. Williams, G. Wilson
Kansas State University, Manhattan, USA
S. Duric, A. Ivanov, K. Kaadze, D. Kim, Y. Maravin, T. Mitchell, A. Modak, A. Mohammadi
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, USA
F. Rebassoo, D. Wright
University of Maryland, College Park, USA
E. Adams, A. Baden, O. Baron, A. Belloni, S.C. Eno, Y. Feng, N.J. Hadley, S. Jabeen, G.Y. Jeng,R.G. Kellogg, T. Koeth, A.C. Mignerey, S. Nabili, M. Seidel, A. Skuja, S.C. Tonwar, L. Wang,K. Wong
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA
D. Abercrombie, B. Allen, R. Bi, S. Brandt, W. Busza, I.A. Cali, Y. Chen, M. D’Alfonso,G. Gomez Ceballos, M. Goncharov, P. Harris, D. Hsu, M. Hu, M. Klute, D. Kovalskyi, J. Krupa,Y.-J. Lee, P.D. Luckey, B. Maier, A.C. Marini, C. Mcginn, C. Mironov, S. Narayanan, X. Niu,C. Paus, D. Rankin, C. Roland, G. Roland, Z. Shi, G.S.F. Stephans, K. Sumorok, K. Tatar,D. Velicanu, J. Wang, T.W. Wang, Z. Wang, B. Wyslouch
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
R.M. Chatterjee, A. Evans, P. Hansen, J. Hiltbrand, Sh. Jain, M. Krohn, Y. Kubota, Z. Lesko,J. Mans, M. Revering, R. Rusack, R. Saradhy, N. Schroeder, N. Strobbe, M.A. Wadud
University of Mississippi, Oxford, USA
J.G. Acosta, S. Oliveros
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, USA
K. Bloom, S. Chauhan, D.R. Claes, C. Fangmeier, L. Finco, F. Golf, J.R. Gonz´alez Fern´andez,C. Joo, I. Kravchenko, J.E. Siado, G.R. Snow † , W. Tabb, F. Yan State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, USA
G. Agarwal, H. Bandyopadhyay, C. Harrington, L. Hay, I. Iashvili, A. Kharchilava, C. McLean,D. Nguyen, J. Pekkanen, S. Rappoccio, B. Roozbahani
Northeastern University, Boston, USA
G. Alverson, E. Barberis, C. Freer, Y. Haddad, A. Hortiangtham, J. Li, G. Madigan, B. Marzocchi,D.M. Morse, V. Nguyen, T. Orimoto, A. Parker, L. Skinnari, A. Tishelman-Charny, T. Wamorkar,B. Wang, A. Wisecarver, D. Wood
Northwestern University, Evanston, USA
S. Bhattacharya, J. Bueghly, Z. Chen, A. Gilbert, T. Gunter, K.A. Hahn, N. Odell, M.H. Schmitt,K. Sung, M. Velasco University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA
R. Bucci, N. Dev, R. Goldouzian, M. Hildreth, K. Hurtado Anampa, C. Jessop, D.J. Karmgard,K. Lannon, N. Loukas, N. Marinelli, I. Mcalister, F. Meng, K. Mohrman, Y. Musienko ,R. Ruchti, P. Siddireddy, S. Taroni, M. Wayne, A. Wightman, M. Wolf, L. Zygala The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
J. Alimena, B. Bylsma, B. Cardwell, L.S. Durkin, B. Francis, C. Hill, A. Lefeld, B.L. Winer,B.R. Yates
Princeton University, Princeton, USA
B. Bonham, P. Das, G. Dezoort, P. Elmer, B. Greenberg, N. Haubrich, S. Higginbotham,A. Kalogeropoulos, G. Kopp, S. Kwan, D. Lange, M.T. Lucchini, J. Luo, D. Marlow, K. Mei,I. Ojalvo, J. Olsen, C. Palmer, P. Pirou´e, D. Stickland, C. Tully
University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, USA
S. Malik, S. Norberg
Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA
V.E. Barnes, R. Chawla, S. Das, L. Gutay, M. Jones, A.W. Jung, G. Negro, N. Neumeister,C.C. Peng, S. Piperov, A. Purohit, H. Qiu, J.F. Schulte, M. Stojanovic , N. Trevisani, F. Wang,A. Wildridge, R. Xiao, W. Xie Purdue University Northwest, Hammond, USA
T. Cheng, J. Dolen, N. Parashar
Rice University, Houston, USA
A. Baty, S. Dildick, K.M. Ecklund, S. Freed, F.J.M. Geurts, M. Kilpatrick, A. Kumar, W. Li,B.P. Padley, R. Redjimi, J. Roberts † , J. Rorie, W. Shi, A.G. Stahl Leiton University of Rochester, Rochester, USA
A. Bodek, P. de Barbaro, R. Demina, J.L. Dulemba, C. Fallon, T. Ferbel, M. Galanti, A. Garcia-Bellido, O. Hindrichs, A. Khukhunaishvili, E. Ranken, R. Taus
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, USA
B. Chiarito, J.P. Chou, A. Gandrakota, Y. Gershtein, E. Halkiadakis, A. Hart, M. Heindl,E. Hughes, S. Kaplan, O. Karacheban , I. Laflotte, A. Lath, R. Montalvo, K. Nash, M. Osherson,S. Salur, S. Schnetzer, S. Somalwar, R. Stone, S.A. Thayil, S. Thomas, H. Wang University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA
H. Acharya, A.G. Delannoy, S. Spanier
Texas A&M University, College Station, USA
O. Bouhali , M. Dalchenko, A. Delgado, R. Eusebi, J. Gilmore, T. Huang, T. Kamon , H. Kim,S. Luo, S. Malhotra, R. Mueller, D. Overton, L. Perni`e, D. Rathjens, A. Safonov Texas Tech University, Lubbock, USA
N. Akchurin, J. Damgov, V. Hegde, S. Kunori, K. Lamichhane, S.W. Lee, T. Mengke,S. Muthumuni, T. Peltola, S. Undleeb, I. Volobouev, Z. Wang, A. Whitbeck
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, USA
E. Appelt, S. Greene, A. Gurrola, R. Janjam, W. Johns, C. Maguire, A. Melo, H. Ni, K. Padeken,F. Romeo, P. Sheldon, S. Tuo, J. Velkovska University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA
M.W. Arenton, B. Cox, G. Cummings, J. Hakala, R. Hirosky, M. Joyce, A. Ledovskoy, A. Li,C. Neu, B. Tannenwald, Y. Wang, E. Wolfe, F. Xia
Wayne State University, Detroit, USA
P.E. Karchin, N. Poudyal, P. Thapa
University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI, USA
K. Black, T. Bose, J. Buchanan, C. Caillol, S. Dasu, I. De Bruyn, P. Everaerts, C. Galloni,H. He, M. Herndon, A. Herv´e, U. Hussain, A. Lanaro, A. Loeliger, R. Loveless,J. Madhusudanan Sreekala, A. Mallampalli, D. Pinna, A. Savin, V. Shang, V. Sharma,W.H. Smith, D. Teague, S. Trembath-reichert, W. Vetens†: Deceased1: Also at Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria2: Also at Institute of Basic and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy forScience, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria, Egypt, Alexandria, Egypt3: Also at Universit´e Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium4: Also at IRFU, CEA, Universit´e Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France5: Also at Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil6: Also at Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil7: Also at UFMS, Nova Andradina, Brazil8: Also at Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil9: Also at Nanjing Normal University Department of Physics, Nanjing, China10: Also at University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China11: Also at Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics named by A.I. Alikhanov ofNRC ‘Kurchatov Institute’, Moscow, Russia12: Also at Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia13: Also at Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt14: Now at Zewail City of Science and Technology, Zewail, Egypt15: Also at Suez University, Suez, Egypt16: Now at British University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt17: Now at Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt18: Also at Purdue University, West Lafayette, USA19: Also at Universit´e de Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, France20: Also at Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Turkey21: Also at CERN, European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva, Switzerland22: Also at RWTH Aachen University, III. Physikalisches Institut A, Aachen, Germany23: Also at University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany24: Also at Department of Physics, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran, Isfahan,Iran25: Also at Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany26: Also at Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University,Moscow, Russia27: Also at Institute of Physics, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary, Debrecen,Hungary28: Also at Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt29: Also at MTA-ELTE Lend ¨ulet CMS Particle and Nuclear Physics Group, E ¨otv ¨os Lor´andUniversity, Budapest, Hungary, Budapest, Hungary30: Also at Institute of Nuclear Research ATOMKI, Debrecen, Hungary
31: Also at IIT Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India, Bhubaneswar, India32: Also at Institute of Physics, Bhubaneswar, India33: Also at G.H.G. Khalsa College, Punjab, India34: Also at Shoolini University, Solan, India35: Also at University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India36: Also at University of Visva-Bharati, Santiniketan, India37: Also at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Mumbai, India38: Also at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany39: Also at Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran40: Also at Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of Mazandaran,Behshahr, Iran41: Now at INFN Sezione di Bari a , Universit`a di Bari b , Politecnico di Bari c , Bari, Italy42: Also at Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable EconomicDevelopment, Bologna, Italy43: Also at Centro Siciliano di Fisica Nucleare e di Struttura Della Materia, Catania, Italy44: Also at Universit`a di Napoli ’Federico II’, NAPOLI, Italy45: Also at Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia, Riga, Latvia46: Also at Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog´ıa, Mexico City, Mexico47: Also at Institute for Nuclear Research, Moscow, Russia48: Now at National Research Nuclear University ’Moscow Engineering Physics Institute’(MEPhI), Moscow, Russia49: Also at Institute of Nuclear Physics of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent,Uzbekistan50: Also at St. Petersburg State Polytechnical University, St. Petersburg, Russia51: Also at University of Florida, Gainesville, USA52: Also at Imperial College, London, United Kingdom53: Also at P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia54: Also at INFN Sezione di Padova a , Universit`a di Padova b , Padova, Italy, Universit`a diTrento c , Trento, Italy, Padova, Italy55: Also at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia56: Also at Faculty of Physics, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia57: Also at Trincomalee Campus, Eastern University, Sri Lanka, Nilaveli, Sri Lanka58: Also at INFN Sezione di Pavia a , Universit`a di Pavia b , Pavia, Italy, Pavia, Italy59: Also at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece60: Also at Universit¨at Z ¨urich, Zurich, Switzerland61: Also at Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland62: Also at Stefan Meyer Institute for Subatomic Physics, Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria63: Also at Laboratoire d’Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules, IN2P3-CNRS, Annecy-le-Vieux, France64: Also at S¸ ırnak University, Sirnak, Turkey65: Also at Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Beijing, China66: Also at Near East University, Research Center of Experimental Health Science, Nicosia,Turkey67: Also at Beykent University, Istanbul, Turkey, Istanbul, Turkey68: Also at Istanbul Aydin University, Application and Research Center for Advanced Studies(App. & Res. Cent. for Advanced Studies), Istanbul, Turkey69: Also at Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey70: Also at Piri Reis University, Istanbul, Turkey71: Also at Adiyaman University, Adiyaman, Turkey4