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Did you know that the larvae of the common Asian toad can recognize their siblings?
In many areas of Asia, the Asian common toad (Duttaphrynus melanostictus) has attracted the attention of scientists due to its unique ecological characteristics. Not only is this toad an important part of biodiversity, but the social behavior of its larvae also reveals the astonishing intelligence of this delicate life.
The Asian common toad, common in South and Southeast Asia, has many amazing biological properties, including the ability of its larvae to quickly recognize their own siblings.
Species characteristics
The common Asian toad is about 20 centimeters long and has distinct bony ridges and various physical features. On the head, there are multiple bony ridges located behind the ears, above the eyes and in front of the eyes, showing its unique evolution process. The back of an adult toad is usually covered with spiny warts and has distinct kidney-shaped glands that secrete white toad toxin to protect against predators.
Ecological behavior and reproduction
The Asian common toad breeds in freshwater environments, especially in bodies of still or slow-moving water. Female toads lay eggs during the rainy season, and after the rainy season ends, the larvae (tadpoles) emerge in black form. Research has found that tadpoles produced by female toads grow faster among siblings, suggesting that they may have the ability to recognize siblings.
Some studies suggest that sibling interactions contribute to improved survival, which has profound implications for future biobehavioral research.
Distribution and habitat
This species is widely distributed in northern Pakistan, Nepal, India and other Southeast Asian countries, including Malaysia, Singapore and many islands in Indonesia. They prefer disturbed lowland environments and are often found in urbanized agricultural areas. Although they can adapt to a variety of environments, they are rare in closed forests.
The challenge of foreign invasion
The Asian common toad has been introduced to Madagascar, Australia and other areas in recent years. Due to the lack of resistance to toad toxins, the ecosystem of local organisms is under considerable threat. Scientists warn that if action is not taken early, the toads could have untold impacts on local biodiversity.
Experts from various places call on the government to improve environmental isolation and monitoring mechanisms to prevent the Asian common toad from continuing to expand its threat to native species.
Conclusion
The lifestyle of the common Asian toad and the ability of its larvae to identify siblings allows us to see the wonder and wisdom of life in nature. However, as these toads spread, we must also think about how to better protect fragile ecosystems and ensure that the balance of the biological chain will be seriously challenged?
