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Don't underestimate flu symptoms: Why some people face life-threatening situations?
Influenza, commonly known as "flu," is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses. Although most infected people recover within a few days, certain high-risk groups may face life-threatening conditions. This article will explore the symptoms of the flu and why these symptoms can be fatal in certain people.
Flu symptoms can range from mild to severe and typically include fever, flu, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, cough and fatigue. These symptoms usually begin one to four days after exposure to the virus.
The basic symptoms of influenza are similar to those of a cold, however they are usually more severe and less likely to include a runny nose. Influenza viruses are mainly spread through respiratory droplets released by coughing and sneezing. In high-risk groups, influenza can cause serious complications, such as pneumonia or other infections, which often increase the severity of symptoms.
High-risk groups
According to the World Health Organization, deaths from influenza are concentrated in high-risk groups, including young children, the elderly and people with chronic health problems. Influenza infection is often self-limited in healthy people, but the potential threat of influenza in these vulnerable groups should not be underestimated.
“In a typical year, about 5 to 15% of the total population will be infected with influenza, and there will be 3 to 5 million severe cases. Globally, the number of respiratory-related deaths caused by influenza can reach 600,000 each year. . 」
Influenza progression and complications
Influenza may lead to more serious health problems, especially pneumonia, caused by a primary viral infection or a subsequent bacterial infection. Primary pneumonia is usually characterized by an acute onset of fever, cough, and dyspnea. Secondary pneumonia is also common, often occurring within a few weeks after flu symptoms improve. This condition can result in prolonged hospitalization or even death.
The necessity of flu vaccines
Vaccines are the most effective tool for preventing the spread of influenza and reducing mortality. Annual influenza vaccination can significantly reduce the risk of infection, especially in high-risk groups. However, influenza viruses are known for their rapid mutability, and influenza vaccines usually need to be adjusted based on the virus strains prevalent that year.
Characteristics and transmission of influenza viruses
There are four main types of influenza viruses: A, B, C, and D, with types A and B causing the greatest concern in everyday epidemiology. Type A viruses are particularly good at evolving and adapting, which makes regular monitoring and updating of vaccines necessary. In addition, influenza viruses can be transmitted through airborne aerosols, which makes prevention and control in closed spaces more complicated.
"Every year, the World Health Organization analyses millions of influenza virus samples to monitor virus mutations and provide a reference for vaccine development."
Hygiene protection tips for influenza
To reduce the spread of flu, public health agencies recommend that people wash their hands frequently, cover their coughs and sneezes, and wear masks. These simple but effective protective measures can significantly reduce the transmission rate of the virus.
ConclusionThe flu may not be fatal to everyone, but its potential threat cannot be ignored for certain high-risk groups. As flu season approaches, are you prepared?
