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In today's society, the words anxiety and fear seem to be synonyms, but in the field of mental health, they have obvious boundaries.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Diseases (DSM-5) provides a clear definition: Anxiety is an unpleasant emotional state that is often difficult to identify sources and feels uncontrollable or inevitable; while fear is an emotional and physiological response to known external threats.These different definitions show the differences in anxiety and fear in emotional and psychological roots.
Anxiety can cause a variety of physical and mental symptoms, including anxiety, irritability, difficulty in concentration and rapid heartbeat.
According to statistics, anxiety disorder is the second most common psychological disease in the world after depression, and about 30% of adults will face anxiety-related problems at some point.These symptoms may occur in different life situations and significantly affect an individual's social, work and life abilities.Studies have shown that among patients with anxiety disorder, 20-70% of patients with social anxiety disorders will also have symptoms of depression.This shows the close connection between anxiety and other mental illnesses.
Types of anxiety disorder
There are different types of anxiety disorders with their own characteristics, the most common ones include pan-anxiety, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress syndrome.The diagnosis of these anxiety symptoms usually depends on the patient's specific signs, inducing events and length of time.
Pan Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Panxiety anxiety disorder is a persistent state of anxiety without a clear object of anxiety.Patients often worry too much about daily trivial matters, such as work, health or family life, and may be accompanied by physical and mental symptoms such as fatigue, inattention or emotional tension.This symptom usually lasts more than six months.
Specific phobia
Specific phobia is one of the most common types of anxiety disorders, and patients develop strong fear of specific objects or situations.This fear may include fear of animals, flights, or certain social occasions. When experiencing fear, patients usually experience physiological reactions such as tremors and palpitations.
Panitation Disorder
Panishment disorder is characterized by sudden and intense panic attacks, and the frequency and intensity of these attacks vary.Symptoms of panic attacks can peak within minutes, causing the patient to feel fear and uneasy, which often occur when stressed, without obvious causes, or in some situations.
Social Anxiety
Social anxiety disorder is a strong fear of social situations, and patients often worry about being negatively evaluated by others, which may lead them to escape social situations and even lead to social isolation.
Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome (PTSD)
Posttraumatic stress syndrome is an anxiety symptom caused by traumatic experiences such as war, natural disasters or violent events.Such symptoms may include flashbacks recalling traumatic experiences, emotional numbness or anxiety, which can affect normal life and interpersonal relationships.
Diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorder
The diagnosis of anxiety disorder depends on the patient's symptoms, personal and family history, and is evaluated by medical professionals to rule out other underlying psychological or physical illnesses.Diagnostic criteria usually require that the patient's symptoms must last for at least six months and significantly affect the function of daily life.
The management of anxiety symptoms can be carried out through a combination of psychotherapy (such as cognitive behavioral therapy) and medication.
The treatment methods may include cognitive behavioral therapy, medication therapy, and lifestyle adjustments.It is very important that many people can live a normal and productive life after treatment.
We should think more deeply about the differences between anxiety and fear, how profound is the impact of these two on human mental health?
