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rom 1964 to the present: How has phantom power changed microphone design and performance
Since 1964, the introduction of phantom power has revolutionized the design and performance of microphones in professional audio equipment. As a direct current supply, phantom power seamlessly delivers power to the active electronic circuits in a microphone, freeing producers, musicians and audio engineers from the cumbersome wiring of traditional power supplies. This innovation not only improves the performance of microphones, but also expands their functionality. However, what is the history, standards, and technical information behind this technology? This article will take a closer look at the evolution and impact of phantom power.
Phantom power is best known as a convenient source of power, especially for condenser microphones.
History
The use of phantom power dates back to telephone service in 1919. The technology at the time allowed us to supply power while transmitting signals, which laid the foundation for later phantom power technology. The first commercial phantom-powered microphone was the Schoeps CMT 20 in 1964, which was made in response to a request from a French radio station and used 9-12 volts DC as its power supply. A few years later, Germany's Neumann GmbH introduced the KM 84 microphone in 1966, which used the existing 48-volt power standard and was officially standardized in 1986.
Technical Specifications
Today, there are several variations of phantom power, based on standards from the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), with the most common being P12, P24, and P48. Of these standards, P48 is still the most widely used today, providing a maximum power of 240 mW. Notably, these standards have resulted in significantly improved interoperability of professional audio equipment.
A huge advantage of phantom power is that it can be used to power dynamic microphones using balanced, shielded microphone cables designed for dynamic microphones.
Technical Information
Phantom power is the process of applying a DC voltage evenly across the two signal lines of a balanced audio connector, creating a phantom circuit. This means that, under normal circumstances, there is no impact on dynamic microphones that do not require phantom power, allowing them to use existing audio connections without hindrance.
Potential Issues
While phantom power is convenient, it can also cause problems in certain situations. Some older devices may not provide enough current to support newer microphones, resulting in insufficient microphone performance. For example, some high-end microphones require up to 10 mA of current, but many cheaper devices cannot meet these requirements. This not only affects the maximum sound pressure level of the microphone, but may also cause a decrease in sensitivity.
When using phantom power, lifting the ground on the switch may cause the phantom power to be disconnected, rendering the microphone inoperable.
Digital Phantom Power and Other Technologies
In addition to traditional phantom power, digital microphones also follow the AES 42 standard, which allows the use of lower voltage supplies. These new technologies not only promote the improvement of microphone performance, but also make the configuration of professional recording studios more flexible.
Future Outlook
As technology advances, the application of phantom power is gradually expanding to other audio devices, such as active antennas and Ethernet power supply. In the ever-evolving audio landscape, the ability to continue to adapt and improve will determine future development.
A comprehensive understanding of the evolution of phantom power can help us better grasp today's audio technology and applications. “How will future audio technologies continue to change the way we live and work?”
