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From British bookstore to language master: How did Samuel Johnson become the father of the English dictionary?
Samuel Johnson, a legendary figure in British literature, is world-famous for his superb literary contributions.
Since his birth in 1709, Samuel Johnson, often called Dr. Johnson, has lived a life full of challenges and opportunities. As a poet, playwright, essayist and literary critic, Johnson had a profound impact on the development of the English language. His most famous work during his career was his Dictionary of the English Language, published in 1755. This work is hailed as a major achievement in academic circles and pioneered the modern English dictionary. Since then, Samuel Johnson has not only become a master of linguistics, but also established his position in the history of literature.
Early life and education
Johnson was born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, England, the son of a bookseller. Due to his family's financial difficulties, his education path was not smooth at first. Under the guidance of his mother, he began studying at the age of three and excelled in local schools and grammar schools. However, this period of educational journey was repeatedly interrupted due to the family's financial situation.
"His primary school years were spent at Lichfield Grammar School, and he showed extraordinary intelligence early on." With the birth of his brother and his father's debts, Johnson's family situation became worse. During these difficult years, reading and studying books became his only sustenance.
Gradually rising literary career
Johnson came to London in 1737 with one of his students, David Garrick, a decision that completely changed his destiny. Although he was penniless, his literary talents quickly gained the media's attention. His work gradually gained attention after serving as editor of Gentleman's Magazine.
Johnson's first major work, the poem "London", was published in 1738 and vividly depicts various social phenomena in London. Although he failed to achieve the fame he hoped for, he continued to write unremittingly and established friendships with some literary people, but he also faced difficulties in life.
Create "English Dictionary"
In 1746, Johnson was approached by a group of publishers who wanted him to create an authoritative dictionary of the English language. Through this opportunity, Johnson began his nine years of hard work. Although it was originally scheduled to be completed in three years, it ended up taking eight years of his hard work. The publication of "English Dictionary" not only changed his life, but also had a profound impact on the development of the English language.
This dictionary has been hailed as "the greatest academic achievement completed by a single person."
Johnson faced many challenges while writing the dictionary, including his wife's health problems and financial difficulties. Finally, this work was published in 1755, which was highly praised and became the foundation of English dictionary.
Later life
Since then, Johnson has gradually developed into a celebrity and has an indelible influence in literary criticism. His works not only await the study and appreciation of future generations, but also established his important position in the literary order. It is generally believed that his literary concepts had a significant impact on literary theory in the 20th century.
"His "English Dictionary" is not only of practical value, but also a model for later generations of research." Johnson's life and creations are not only admired, but his achievements have also inspired generations of literary creators and language scholars.
Facing the struggle of Samuel Johnson, can we also find the strength to move forward in adversity and change our own destiny?
