Language
Country/Area
No result found
From plant debris to fertilizer: How is humus created?
In soil science, humus is dark organic matter formed by the decomposition of plant and animal remains. This soil organic matter is rich in nutrients and helps retain moisture in the soil. The formation of humus is a key natural process that is essential to the health of the soil and the balance of the ecosystem.
Humus is not only the life force of the soil, but also the cornerstone of the magical circulation system in nature.
Humus formation process
The process of humus formation is called decomposition, and the main materials include plant debris, dead animals and microorganisms, and the excrement of all soil organisms. Under the action of microorganisms, these materials are decomposed and transformed to form humus with specific functions.
Over time, these organic substances will be transformed by microorganisms and densely packed into complex macromolecular structures. This process not only promotes the stability of soil structure, but also improves soil fertility. Humus evolves together with post-fire black carbon in soil, which makes the chemical and biological composition of humus more diverse and complex.
Characteristics and functions of humus
Definitive characteristics of humus include its black or dark brown appearance, indicating a rich organic carbon component. Humus has a huge ecological function. It not only has the ability to store water, but also promotes the release and capture of nutrients. Plants absorb nutrients from humus through their root systems, which is essential for plant growth.
Humus is like the "source of life" of the soil, supporting the existence of microorganisms and other soil organisms.
Stability and Relationship with Plant Nutrition
Humus in many soils is more than 100 years old, which allows them to be considered stable organic matter. This organic matter persists because it is hidden in soil particles and is difficult to be decomposed by microorganisms or enzymes. Stable humus, while providing fewer plant-usable nutrients, helps maintain the soil's structure.
During the degradation process, the sticky secretions of microorganisms will help soil particles combine and further improve soil aeration. This is why humus is often considered one of the most important components of soil fertilizer, as it emphasizes the biological activity of the soil and the health of the ecosystem.
Benefits of Soil Organic Matter
Humus has a significant impact on the fertility and health of the soil. Its ability lies in promoting micro-porosity of the soil and helping to sort and store the various components of plant nutrients. When the humus in the soil increases, it can definitely improve the agricultural productivity of the area.
Available humus provides a short-term nutrient available to microorganisms, while stable humus is often viewed as a long-term nutrient reserve.
Current Research and Future Challenges
The composition and properties of humus remain an area of intense research, as scientists explore its deeper role in the environment. As our understanding of climate change deepens, the carbon sequestration potential of humus is gaining more and more attention. Artificially synthesized humic acid is used to increase the organic carbon content of the soil, showing its potential in sustainable agricultural development.
ConclusionThe production and existence of humus is not only an indispensable part of the ecosystem, but also a basic element for improving soil health in human agricultural activities. By understanding and harnessing this natural process, can we promote more sustainable agricultural practices?
