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The Hidden Gem of Fiber Optics: What is a Fiber Bragg Grating and How Does It Work?
In today's era of rapid technological development, optical fiber technology has become one of the core of information transmission. In the field of optical fiber, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a technology with great potential. It can not only be used to filter light waves, but also can be widely used in sensors, optical reflectors and other occasions. So, what exactly is a Fiber Bragg Grating? How does it work?
History of Fiber Bragg Gratings
The story of fiber Bragg gratings begins in 1978, when Ken Hill demonstrated the first Bragg grating inside an optical fiber. With the advancement of technology, in 1989, Gerald Merz and his colleagues demonstrated a more flexible lateral holographic writing technique, which made the manufacture of fiber Bragg gratings more convenient and faster.
Working Principle of Fiber Bragg Grating
The proper operation of optical fiber components depends primarily on the principle of Fresnel reflection. Between media with different refractive indices, light is both reflected and refracted at the interface. At the same time, the refractive index of light is adjusted in a periodic manner within the core of the optical fiber, thus forming an optical mirror corresponding to a specific wavelength.
The reflected wavelength (λB) is determined by the relationship between the refractive index of the external fiber
Types of Fiber Bragg Gratings
Based on different light-sensitive mechanisms, fiber Bragg gratings can be divided into many types. Of these, the standard fiber Bragg grating is the most common, with a reflection spectrum that is equal to the complement of the transmission spectrum and virtually no optical distortion.
Standard types of Bragg gratings can be written in different gas environments, such as hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated antimony silicate fibers.
Manufacturing method of fiber Bragg grating
The current mainstream manufacturing methods include visible light laser, ultraviolet laser and multiphoton excitation technologies. These technologies enable the stable generation of efficient fiber Bragg gratings under different environments.
Application prospects of fiber Bragg gratings
With the advancement of science and technology, fiber Bragg gratings are being used more and more widely, showing potential in many fields such as communications, sensors and medical treatment. Its uniqueness enables FBG to meet increasingly complex technical requirements in the future.
ConclusionThe telecommunications, aerospace and energy industries have all shown great interest in fiber Bragg gratings.
Although Fiber Bragg Grating has played an important role in modern technology, it still hides greater potential and unknown possibilities. As research deepens and applications expand, what kind of surprises will fiber Bragg gratings bring us in the future?
