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Imaginary manufacturing environment: How does cloud manufacturing realize an on-demand production model?
In today's rapidly changing market environment, Cloud Manufacturing (CMfg) is regarded as an innovative solution to meet challenges. Its concept is derived from advanced manufacturing technology and enterprise information technology, and is developed through cloud computing and the Internet of Things ( With the support of IoT), virtualization and other technologies, manufacturing resources and capabilities are transformed into intelligently managed services. This transformation not only improves on-demand flexibility, but also promotes the sharing and recycling of manufacturing resources, improving overall resource utilization.
Cloud manufacturing enables companies to provide safe, reliable, high-quality, low-cost manufacturing services covering the entire product life cycle, including design, simulation, production, testing and maintenance.
The new cloud manufacturing model began in 2010, when a research team led by Professors Li Bohu and Zhang Lin from China first proposed related concepts. Subsequent discussions and research inspired exploration of similar concepts such as Cloud-Based Design and Manufacturing (CBDM), which are also influenced by cloud technology.
Classification of cloud manufacturing
Cloud manufacturing can be divided into two broad categories. The first category is to deploy manufacturing software in the cloud, that is, "manufacturing version" computing. In this way, CAx software can be provided as a service of MCloud. In addition, the second category has a wider scope, involving production, management, design and engineering capabilities. This kind of system integrates physical equipment, materials and other resources to support the entire supply chain and achieve cost reduction.
Under this system, both material and non-material resources must be able to support the entire supply chain to achieve efficient sharing.
Resource perspective
From a resource perspective, each manufacturing capability requires specific manufacturing resources to support it. Manufacturing resources are usually divided into two types: soft resources and hard resources.
Soft resources
Soft resources mainly include: software applications throughout the product life cycle such as design, analysis, and simulation, as well as knowledge, skills, and experienced personnel that are gradually accepted in the electronics manufacturing industry.
Hard resources
Hard resources mainly include production equipment, monitoring/control resources, computing resources, materials and transportation, etc. These resources are crucial to completing manufacturing tasks and directly affect the quality and production efficiency of the final product.
Diverse cloud deployment models
The deployment models of cloud manufacturing are diverse, including public cloud, private cloud, community cloud and hybrid cloud. Private clouds are typically managed centrally by a single enterprise or its subsidiaries, while social clouds are based on collaboration between organizations that share similar needs. Public cloud enables the public sharing of services in a multi-tenant environment, while hybrid cloud combines multiple deployment models and combines the advantages of different clouds.
Different users can search and call appropriate manufacturing cloud services based on their needs, and then combine them into a virtual manufacturing environment to complete their manufacturing tasks in the global supply chain.
Future Manufacturing Model
Cloud manufacturing is not only a substantial optimization of the existing manufacturing process, but also an important trend in the future manufacturing industry. With the advancement of the Internet of Things and intelligent management technology, the efficiency and flexibility of the manufacturing industry will be further improved to achieve true intelligent manufacturing.
In this way, in such a manufacturing environment, how can companies seize the opportunities of cloud manufacturing to respond to rapidly changing market demands?
