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Is itchy during pregnancy incurable? When might it be cholestasis rather than a common skin problem?
Itching seems to be a common phenomenon in many pregnant women. However, in some cases, this common itching during pregnancy may be a sign of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). This situation not only affects the mother's comfort, but may also lead to potential risks to the fetus. This article will discuss the causes of itching during pregnancy and how to distinguish common skin problems from cholestasis.
Prevalence of pruritus and recognition of cholestasis
According to research, about 23% of pregnant women experience varying degrees of itching during pregnancy. Most of the time, this itching is caused by changes in the skin during pregnancy, especially on the abdomen. However, when itching occurs without a rash and is concentrated on the palms and soles, it may be a sign of cholestasis.
The main symptoms of cholestasis include: itching of the palms and soles, which may be accompanied by a rash; darker urine; decreased appetite; and some pregnant women may feel tired and nauseous.
Causes and mechanisms of cholestasis
The causes of cholestasis are still not fully understood, but scientists believe that genetic, hormonal and environmental factors may combine to trigger the condition. Typically, this happens during the third trimester, when a woman's hormone levels are at their peak. Pregnancies with twins or triplets have a higher incidence of cholestasis.
Hormonal and genetic factors play an important role in cholestasis, especially the effects of estrogen and its metabolites on bile salts.
How to diagnose and treat cholestasis
Doctors can diagnose cholestasis with blood tests. Testing includes liver function tests and serum bile salt tests. Although most pregnant women experience itching at some time, persistent itching or itching without a rash should be reported to your obstetrician.
For pregnant women with cholestasis, treatment often includes bile salt medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid, and early induction of labor may be recommended for those with severe symptoms.
Potential risks and consequences of untreated conditions
If cholestasis is not treated appropriately, the mother may face severe itching, an unavoidable pain, and even spontaneous preterm birth. Potential risks to the fetus include increased risk of fetal distress and death.
Studies have shown that when bile salt levels exceed a certain value, it is associated with an increased risk of premature birth and stillbirth, and timely intervention is essential.
Summary and reflections
Pregnancy is a special and wonderful time, but it can also be accompanied by many health issues. Pruritus during pregnancy should not be ignored, especially when it may be a cholestatic condition, and you should seek medical attention promptly to obtain an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Have you ever experienced unusual itching during pregnancy and considered whether it might be linked to an underlying health problem?
