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Sex in prison: Why is it such an overlooked phenomenon?
Sexuality in prison is a complex phenomenon that involves not only relationships between prisoners but also relationships between prisoners and prison staff. Despite strong taboos and misunderstandings about this phenomenon in society, research shows that in many cases, sexual behavior in prison is the product of interactive relationships rather than simple predation or violence.
Sexual behavior in prison is not just about forced sexual assault; in many cases it is based on consent among prisoners.
Sexual Behavior Among Female Prisoners
Research on female prisoners dates back to 1913, and subsequent studies have shown that female prisoners form a relationship called "pseudo-family". These established families often provide support and emotional connection in lieu of traditional families, where only the primary partner participates in sexual activity.
Roles in a pseudo-family are relatively flexible, and women often falsify both male and female roles found in traditional families.
Sexual Behavior of Male Prisoners
Research on the sexual behavior of male prisoners began in the 1930s, but most studies focused on forced sexual assault rather than voluntary sex. Sexual violence is particularly common in male prisons, where male prisoners use sexual assault to establish dominance and power.
Many heterosexual men in prison have a “situational” view of sex with other men and may not identify as bisexual.
Mixed-gender prisons
In some prisons that house both male and female prisoners, sexual intercourse between the opposite sexes occasionally occurs. However, due to the surveillance and isolation measures in prisons, such interactions are often not easy to happen.
Inmates who are able to develop emotional relationships generally experience lower romantic loneliness and higher quality of life.
Relationships with Others
Many prisons offer conjugal visits, which allow inmates to spend time with their partners in a private setting. It is important to note that such visits are limited to prisoners who behave well. Even in work release programs, there are inmates who try to establish sexual relationships during contact with the outside world.
Building relationships in prison not only improves emotional well-being but also reduces feelings of isolation.
The problem of prison rape
Sexual abuse is a deep-rooted phenomenon in prisons, and many studies have pointed out that this situation can lead to threats to the self-identity and gender identity of victims. Research indicates that the underlying reason for rape is often sexual gratification or as a means of control.
In prison, the authenticity of "consent" is often questioned, and many victims pretend to accept sexual acts out of fear.
Reports in the media
When the media focuses on the issue of sexual violence in prisons, they often view it as a social problem, thereby triggering discussions and actions to correct the U.S. prison system. As this topic gains widespread attention, the need for action and change becomes more urgent.
Sexual issues in prisons require more in-depth social and policy discussions to improve prison environments and reduce the number of sexual assaults.
Prisoners' right to contraception
Many health advocates have called for condoms to be made available in prisons to prevent the spread of disease. While some countries have implemented contraception in prisons, the sexual rights of prisoners remain controversial in many parts of the United States.
The best way to protect prisoners from HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases is to provide them with adequate contraception.
As awareness of sexual behavior in prison grows, how can society better confront this neglected topic to improve prisoners' living conditions and mental health?
