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The Evolution of Pumps: Do You Know What Magic Types There Are?
A pump is a device used to mechanically transport a fluid (liquid or gas), usually by converting electrical energy into hydraulic or pneumatic energy. Whether in home, industry, or in many fields such as medical care, pumps play an important role. From water lifting and filtration to transporting oil and gas, pumps are used in a wide range of applications.
The transformation of pumps can not only improve the delivery efficiency of various liquids, but also provide exclusive solutions for different industries and uses.
At the micro level, pump structures can be divided into many types. According to different working principles, these pumps can be divided into electromagnetic pumps, positive displacement pumps, impulse pumps, speed pumps, gravity pumps, steam pumps and valveless pumps. Pumps etc. Among them, the three most basic pump types are positive displacement pumps, centrifugal pumps and axial flow pumps.
Positive displacement pump
Positive displacement pumps work by capturing a fixed amount of fluid and forcing that fluid into the discharge pipe. Unlike centrifugal pumps, positive displacement pumps are able to produce consistent flow at different discharge pressures at a given rotational speed. Therefore, positive displacement pumps are an attractive choice in applications where stable flow is required.
However, once a positive displacement pump is operated against a closed discharge gate valve, it may cause pipe bursting or serious damage to the pump, so a safety valve must be designed to prevent this risk.
Types of positive displacement pumps
Based on the mechanism of moving fluid, positive displacement pumps can be further divided into three types: rotary, reciprocating and linear. Rotary positive displacement pumps include gear pumps and progressive cavity pumps. The advantages of these pumps are their high efficiency and ability to handle high-viscosity fluids.
Reciprocating positive displacement pump
This type of pump uses one or more reciprocating pistons, propellers, or diaphragms to move fluid. The working principle is that when the piston is pulled back, the pressure in the chamber is reduced, causing fluid to enter; when the piston is advanced, the pressure increases and the fluid is released through the discharge valve. Common application areas include high viscosity fluids and special applications with lower flow requirements.
Different positive displacement pumps
In specific forms, positive displacement pumps can be gear pumps, screw pumps, piston pumps, diaphragm pumps, etc. These pumps vary in design and application range, and each has its own unique operating principles and efficiency characteristics.
Impulse pump
Impulse pumps work by using the pressure generated by a gas (usually air) to push a liquid. These pumps are commonly used in hydraulic applications, such as hydraulic impact pumps, which use low-pressure water flow to raise water levels.
Speed pump
Speed pump is a type of pump that increases kinetic energy by increasing the flow rate of fluid. Its characteristic is that it converts energy in a continuous manner and can stably provide fluid despite changes in flow rate.
Centrifugal pump and axial flow pump
A centrifugal pump is a pump that accelerates fluid as it enters, and then pushes the fluid out at high pressure; while an axial flow pump relies on direct push of fluid and is usually used in scenarios requiring high flow rates. These two pumps are undoubtedly the most well-known and widely used in the pump category.
With the advancement of science and technology, the evolution of pumps, while providing more effective solutions for various industries, also requires people to constantly explore new pump technologies to meet the growing needs.
Pump technology of the future
In the future, with the development of biosimulation technology, we are expected to make major breakthroughs in designing new mechanical pumps. The evolution of pumps is not only an important component in key industries and daily life, but what kind of changes can future innovations and improvements bring to society?
