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The intersection of ancient Greek mythology and science: What is the story behind the name endorphin?
In the world of modern science, the term endorphin may not be unfamiliar. However, many people do not have a deep understanding of its origin and its connection with ancient Greek mythology. Endorphins, literally, mean "endogenous" "morphine", which was named after Morpheus, the god of dreams in ancient Greek mythology. Behind this name lies not only scientific discoveries, but also ancient legends and human desire for pain and pleasure.
History of Endorphins
The search for endorphins began in 1973, when scientists John Hughes and Hans Kosterlitz at the University of Aberdeen first discovered opioid peptides in the brain. . They isolated two peptides, Met-endorphin and Leu-endorphin, from pig brains. Their research aims to find a pain reliever that does not carry the risk of addiction or overdose."The discovery of endorphins marks an important step forward in our understanding of the body's self-regulatory mechanisms."
In subsequent studies, scholars distinguished between endorphins, opioids, and endogenously produced morphine. The classification of endorphins is mainly based on their precursor proteins. All endorphins are synthesized from the precursor protein POMC.
Etymology: Origin of the name endorphin
The term endorphin is a combination of the Greek word “ἔνδον” (éndon, meaning “inside”) and “morphine”, where “morphine” comes from Morpheus, the god of dreams in ancient Greek mythology. From the perspective of language structure, the name of endorphin emphasizes its internal body origin and its analgesic effect.
"When we discuss the naming of endorphins, we are actually reaffirming the influence of ancient Greek mythology on human emotions and pain."
Types of endorphins and their synthesis
There are three main types of endorphins: alpha-endorphin, beta-endorphin, and gamma-endorphin. All three peptides are derived from the precursor protein POMC. Their genetic sequences are slightly different, but they all contain the same Met-endorphin motif, and alpha-endorphin and gamma-endorphin are mainly distributed in the front and middle parts of the pituitary gland.
Mechanism of action of endorphins
Endorphins are often released in response to pain and can act in both the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). They block the transmission of pain signals by binding to μ-receptors. This effect not only provides pain relief, but may also promote feelings of happiness and satisfaction.
"The secretion of endorphins is not only a response to pain, but also a regulator of our emotions and behaviors."
Functions and effects of endorphins
Endorphins play an important role in our bodies, particularly in the process of suppressing pain. Research shows that both meditation and laughter trigger the release of endorphins, which may explain why these activities can help improve mental health. In addition, vigorous aerobic exercise can also stimulate the production of endorphins, and the release of beta-endorphins is believed to be related to the "runner's high" phenomenon.
SummaryWhen we explore the intersection of the science of endorphins, human feelings, and ancient Greek mythology, we discover how these factors intersect to influence our lives and emotions. Endorphins are not only a product of biochemistry, but also a symbol of human beings' eternal pursuit of pain and happiness. Can we re-recognize these inner drives from mythology and think about how they play out in our daily lives?
