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The Mysterious Factor of Academic Achievement: How Psychology Reveals the Secrets of Student Success?
Academic achievement is a measure of how well a student or educational institution achieves its educational goals. This achievement involves more than just completing a secondary school diploma and a bachelor's degree, but involves the interaction of multiple factors. With the development of psychology, research on academic achievement has become more and more in-depth, revealing many key factors that affect student success.
Factors affecting academic achievement
The role of individual differences in academic performance
Multiple studies have shown that individual differences in academic performance can be linked to their intelligence and personality characteristics. Intelligence tests show that students with higher intelligence usually perform well in school. In addition, conscientiousness traits, which are related to effort and academic motivation, also promote academic success.
A recent meta-analysis shows that spiritual curiosity affects academic achievement as much as intelligence and conscientiousness.
The influence of non-cognitive factors
Non-cognitive factors or skills, including academic confidence, self-control, motivation, expectation and goal-setting theory, emotional intelligence and determination, play an increasingly important role in academic and career success. Sociologists Bowles and Gintis first used the term in the 1970s to provide new explanations for non-cognitive skills beyond traditional cognitive tests.
Research shows that students who are intrinsically motivated have advantages in academic performance and persistence.
The influence of family structure
Family structure and its level of involvement play a vital role in education. Parents' marital status, socioeconomic status and parental influence on education will all affect children's academic performance.
Families with high socioeconomic status often provide a more stimulating learning environment but may also place undue pressure on children.
The role of extracurricular activities
There is a positive correlation between organized extracurricular activities and higher academic performance. Not only do these types of activities improve attendance, they also increase school engagement, improve GPAs, and reduce dropout rates and depressive symptoms.
Research has found that high school students who participate in sports generally perform well academically as well, but this can sometimes be associated with increased alcohol consumption and absenteeism.
Successful educational initiatives
Research shows that introducing Successful Educational Actions (SEAs) in schools with high absenteeism can significantly improve academic achievement. By integrating different teaching strategies and resources, these actions help students overcome academic challenges.
The relationship between academic achievement and participation in positive extracurricular activities deserves further research to understand its specific effects.
In summary, academic achievement is a complex system that encompasses multiple interrelated factors, including individual differences, non-cognitive skills, family support, and extracurricular involvement. These studies not only contribute to students' personal growth, but also guide the formulation of educational policies. As we consider these factors, we should ask: How can schools and families work together to more effectively support the well-rounded development of students?
