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The mysterious growth secrets of the Indian shrimp: Why is it the most popular commercial shrimp species in the world?
Fenneropenaeus indicus, formerly known as Penaeus indicus, is one of the world's major commercial shrimp species. Its distribution range includes the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean, covering East Africa, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, the South China Sea and northern Australia. . Adults can reach 22 centimeters (9 inches) in length and live on the sea floor at depths of up to 90 meters (300 feet). The growth cycle of these shrimp is quite mysterious and complex, attracting many industry insiders and ecologists to explore in depth.
Ecology and life cycle
As a marine decapod, Penaeus indicus has a strong growth ability. In the early stages of their life, these shrimp larvae swim freely in the sea and then migrate to estuaries for further growth. As they grow bigger, they return to the ocean and are then caught or used for farming.
It is estimated that the lifespan of Indian shrimp can reach 18 months, and each stage of its growth has extremely high requirements for the environment.
Fisheries and Aquaculture
According to data, the total global shrimp production is about 6 million tons, of which capture fisheries contribute 3.4 million tons and aquaculture contributes 2.4 million tons. Five Asian countries - China, India, Indonesia, Vietnam and Thailand - account for 55% of the catch. Indian shrimp contributes about 2.4% to global fisheries and 1.2% to aquaculture.
"Although the catch of Indian shrimp is huge, the by-product issues during fishing cannot be ignored, including the impact on endangered species."
Business Model of Aquaculture
Penaeus indicus can be cultured using various techniques, including traditional extensive culture, semi-intensive culture and intensive culture.
Widely farmed
This is a traditional farming method, usually carried out under the influence of tidal water sources. Low-lying areas and rice fields in southwestern India are common breeding sites. Under this model, shrimp production can reach as high as 400 to 900 kg per hectare.
Semi-intensive farming
This method is relatively small-scale, usually applied to ponds of 0.2 to 2 hectares, and uses farmed juvenile shrimp to increase production.
Intensive farming
Intensive farming is a highly controlled system that relies less on natural food and requires a lot of machinery to increase production by increasing farming density.
Production and Market Value
The production cost of Indian shrimp varies depending on the culture method, but its market value is low compared to other shrimp species. According to statistics, the price of this shrimp is about US$5.5 per kilogram, but the price varies greatly during export, providing more profit margins for processed products such as shrimp paste and shrimp cakes.
"The reason why Indian shrimp is popular is not only because it is relatively easy to farm, but also because of its diversity in the market."
The reason why Penaeus indicus has become a star among global commercial shrimp species is undoubtedly due to its unique growth method and huge market demand. That's why fishermen and farmers from all over the country compete fiercely for this shrimp. Have you ever thought about what other aquatic products will become the new breeding craze in the future as technology advances?
