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The Secret Formula of Sports Performance: How to Avoid Sports Injuries through Movement Assessment?
In the field of sports science, movement assessment is becoming an important tool for avoiding sports injuries. This technology analyzes an individual's performance in functional tasks to determine the kinematics of joints and their impact on the kinetic chain. "Movement assessment helps identify abnormal movement mechanisms, thereby developing more accurate corrective exercise plans to reduce the risk of injury." This is not a new concept, but has gradually emerged after years of research and practice. key factors.
Three-dimensional or two-dimensional motion analysis can not only prevent injuries, but also improve athletic performance. By identifying abnormal movement mechanics, physical therapists and athletic trainers can develop more effective rehabilitation and training programs for athletes. “The evaluation of actions can be seen as a process of checking for obstacles, which are examined according to different factors.”
Common movement assessment tools
Landing Error Scoring System (LESS)
The LESS is a valid and reliable biomechanical assessment tool focused on the evaluation of jump landing technique. It assesses the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and patellar tendon injury by scoring 22 biomechanical criteria of the lower extremity and trunk. “LESS scores are divided into categories of excellent (0-3), good (4-5), fair (6-7), and poor” (>7). Identifying biomechanical abnormalities in landing technique, especially differences between genders, may help to provide more precise clinical sports interventions and reduce the risk of injury.
Functional Movement Screen (FMS)
FMS was designed in 2006 by Gray Cook, Lee Bourton and Barbara Hoogenboom. The main purpose of this test is to detect possible pathology or dysfunction in an individual at an early stage. "The FMS is more of an assessment of the subject's functional status than just an exploratory test." The FMS consists of seven different tests scored from 0 to 3, with 0 indicating pain during the execution and 3 indicating no pain. It means the process is performed perfectly. These tests are very useful for detecting functional asymmetries of the musculoskeletal system and deficiencies in postural stability.
Romberg Test
The Romberg test assesses static balance and requires participants to stand with their feet together, arms at their sides, and eyes closed. “In this test, the ability to maintain a posture without losing balance is assessed.” This test is very useful for older people or people recovering from any type of injury.
Adams Test
The Adams test is particularly useful for detecting scoliosis and other spinal disorders by viewing an individual's spine from different angles to detect possible deviations or misalignments. “To do this test, you bend forward with your feet hip-width apart and parallel to your hips, your knees straight, and your hands extended downward, trying to touch your toes.” This can reveal spinal problems, such as protruding ribs.
Unsupported Single Leg SquatThe unstable single-leg squat is a functional test developed by Liebenson to examine lower extremity biomechanics and assess hip muscle dysfunction. “This test requires the participant to perform a single-leg stance with the non-weight-bearing leg in 45° hip flexion and 90° knee flexion.” The athlete must complete at least 60° of knee flexion and return to the starting position within 6 seconds. Can provide important indicators of the movement mechanisms of daily activities.
Single Leg Hop for Distance
The single-leg hop test is often used to assess functional knee performance, particularly after an anterior cruciate ligament injury or reconstruction. "These jump tests mainly include: single-leg hop test, crossover hop test, triple hop test and 6-meter timed hop test." These tests can evaluate the functional symmetry of the reconstructed leg. The ideal return to sports standard is that the injured leg should At least reach 90% of the level of the uninjured leg.
Can the future of sports change in response to these scientific movement assessments?
