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The secret to reintegrating into society: How to successfully rehabilitate offenders to reduce recidivism rates?
The rehabilitation process is designed to re-educate those who have committed crimes and prepare them for reintegration into society. This process is designed to address the root causes of crime in order to reduce recidivism rates after prisoners are released from prison. Typically this involves psychological approaches that target cognitive distortions associated with the specific types of crimes committed by individual offenders, but may also include more general education such as reading skills and vocational training. The ultimate goal is the successful resocialization of offenders.
Method
The process of successfully rehabilitating prisoners can be achieved if offenders are not exposed to harsh conditions that threaten their health, have access to medical care, and are protected from other forms of abuse, while maintaining contact with the outside world and learning new skills to adapt to life outside. will be more effective. Clear and detailed regulations are also needed to clarify relevant safeguards and the use and processing of criminal information.
Case: Norway
Norway's prison system is based on the principle of normalization, emphasizing rehabilitation rather than revenge. Inmates can enjoy the facilities they would have outside prison, such as individual mini-fridges, flat-screen televisions, private bathrooms and activities in the outdoor environment. These, coupled with the provision of shared kitchens and living areas, not only "create a sense of family" but also contribute to the normalization of Norway's rehabilitative system. Halden Fengsel, known as "the world's most humane maximum security prison," aims to promote social reintegration by helping prisoners solve housing and employment issues before leaving prison.
The unofficial motto of Norway's prison service is "Better out of jail".
Rehabilitation measures in Norway involve education, vocational training, craft workshops and therapy. In addition, managers are required to complete three years of training, which ensures that prisoners are treated humanely. The effectiveness of Norway's approach speaks for itself. In 2018, its recidivism rate after two years in prison was only 18%. These figures show the success of Norway in the way it handles public safety.
Applications of meditation
Since 1975, Vipassana meditation in India has been practiced in prisons and promoted in many countries. The purpose of this type of meditation is to reduce negative psychological states, such as anger and aggression, and to provide prisoners with access to inner peace.
Medical intervention
Some offenders can be treated chemically to prevent them from reoffending. Relevant policies have received attention in some countries and have played a positive role in preventing future recidivism.
Legislative background
The Council of Europe resolution states that crime policies aimed at crime prevention and social reintegration should continue to develop. The constitutions of many countries clearly guarantee the basic human rights of immigrants and prisoners, and emphasize that punishment should also aim at rehabilitation.
As stipulated in the Italian Constitution, punishment must not violate human dignity and must be aimed at rehabilitation.
The United States, backed by some targeted reformers, is working to improve support for job opportunities and social reintegration for former prisoners. The survey pointed out that the recidivism rate of prisoners who received education was significantly reduced.
Psychology and Recidivism
The correlation between psychopathy and recidivism is very high. Pathologists generally lack awareness of the consequences of their actions and are unable to learn from past mistakes. Multiple studies have shown that traditional punishment methods for sick people do not effectively improve their behavior and may instead make them more cunning.
Critical voices
Although reforming the system has its effects, criticism cannot be ignored. For example, some argue that such a system could lead to extended restrictions on freedoms or impose too much government control on criminals.
Rehabilitation efforts are not only about reducing recidivism rates, but also need to take into account the benefits to society as a whole. Whether such a system can truly and fundamentally change the behavior of criminals, thus ensuring the safety and harmony of society, is a question worth thinking about.
