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The unique identity of native Hawaiians: How does it affect their culture and society?
Hawaiians, or Kanaka Maoli, are the Polynesian people native to the Hawaiian Islands. These cultures are rooted in their history, language and relationship to the land. Over time, these cultural elements became key to Hawaiians’ unique identity, shaping their social structures, belief systems, and artistic expressions.
“Hawaiian culture is more than just an artistic expression; it reflects our deep connection to the land.”
History and Origins of Hawaiians
Hawaii’s settlement dates back at least 800 years, when Polynesians sailed from the Society Islands. These early immigrants gradually developed a unique culture and identity in their new environment. In their interaction with the environment, Hawaiians created new religious and cultural structures that not only helped them cope with the new environment but also passed on knowledge across generations.
Social structure and land concepts
In terms of social structure, Kanaka Maori have values centered around family ('ohana) and land ('aina). Each island is divided into different regions, which are not only geographical units but also centers of social and economic activities. Access to this land was divided according to social status, but unlike the feudal system in Europe, Hawaiian farmers were free to move around and were not tied to the land.
"We are not only residents of the land, but also caretakers of the land."
Belief Systems and Cultural Expressions
The Hawaiian people believe in polytheism, and the main gods they worship are Wākea and Papahānaumoku. These beliefs are all closely tied to land and family, and reflect the deep connection between people, nature and each other. In culture and art, the classical dance - Hula is not only a form of entertainment, but also a form of worship to the gods. Hula dance is divided into classical hula (Hula Kahiko) and modern hula (Hula `Auana), which tell the history and stories of Hawaii.
"Hula is the soul of our culture. Through dance, we convey knowledge and history."
Hawaiian language revival
With the influence of colonial history, Hawaiian was gradually replaced by English. However, since the 1970s, the Hawaiian language revival movement has worked to revitalize the native language. Today, although many Kanaka Maori communicate in English, Hawaiian is still taught in schools and is used in some communities.
Challenges and Movements in Contemporary Society
In contemporary society, with the impact of globalization, Kanaka Maori face challenges in maintaining their culture and identity. Since the 1970s, with the rise of the cultural renaissance movement, many Native American activists have been actively involved in defending Hawaii's culture, land, and social justice. These protests, from protecting land to negotiating with the government, reflect their determination to maintain their unique identity.
Conclusion"Our culture is a bridge that connects the past, present and future."
The unique identity of Hawaiians not only influences their cultural practices, but also profoundly changes their social structure and relationship with the environment. Their history, beliefs, art and language form a unique social context that enables them to find their place in contemporary society. When we think about Native Hawaiian identity and its impact on culture and society, are we also thinking about our own identity and how it shapes our worldview and behavior?
