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What is the difference between white mushrooms and brown mushrooms? Why can they grow in two colors?
White and brown button mushrooms, scientifically known as Agaricus bisporus, are one of the most common edible mushrooms and are found in more than 70 countries around the world. The reason why they are so popular is not only because of their unique taste, but also because of the color changes in their appearance, which makes many diners fascinated by their different appearance and flavor.
The causes of white and brown
When Agaricus bisporus is not fully mature, it appears white or brown. These color changes result from an interaction between genetic mutations and environmental factors. In its white state, this mushroom is often called a "white mushroom," but as it matures, its color gradually turns brown and it is called a "brown mushroom."
“In fact, the difference in color is not only visually appealing, but also reflects different characteristics and flavors.”
Appearance characteristics of white and brown mushrooms
Whether they are white or brown, they have a dome-shaped appearance. White button mushrooms have smooth caps, while brown button mushrooms have some light-colored scales on their caps. Additionally, as the mushroom matures, its trunk (stipe) becomes thicker and stronger, a notable feature of its maturation process.
Growing environment and cultivation history
Agaricus bisporus grows best in grasslands and farmland after rain, and its main cultivation environment is soil rich in organic matter. In the history of cultivation, commercial cultivation of this mushroom was first documented in 1707 by French botanist Joseph Pitton de Tournefort. Over time, mushroom cultivation techniques became more sophisticated, eventually leading to the white and brown varieties commonly seen today.
Nutritional Value
According to nutritional research, 100 grams of white mushrooms provide only 22 calories, but are rich in vitamins and minerals. They are considered an excellent source of B vitamins such as riboflavin, niacin, and pantothenic acid, which are extremely important for maintaining the normal functioning of the human body.
Potential Dangers“Each 100 grams of white mushrooms contains a limited amount of vitamin D, and after being exposed to ultraviolet light, its content will increase significantly.”
Although Agaricus bisporus is a safe mushroom to eat, there are similar poisonous mushrooms on the market, such as Entoloma sinuatum. In terms of food safety, you still need to be cautious when eating unknown wild mushrooms to avoid causing health hazards.
Culture and Market
In cooking, white button mushrooms and brown button mushrooms can be paired with different ingredients based on their flavor and appearance. Brown mushrooms are often used as a sauce or ingredient in Western cuisine due to their stronger flavor. White mushrooms are often used in salads and soups, adding a refreshing taste to dishes.
ConclusionThe diversity between white and brown button mushrooms is not only about their color, but also reflects different cultivation methods and uses. As we learn more about these mushrooms, we may gain a deeper understanding of their role in nature and their impact on human food culture. When given a choice, which color mushroom would you prefer?
