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Where did the 'pig' come from? The story behind the name of the pipeline inspection tool!
In the world of pipeline inspection, there is a common term - "pig". But the name didn’t come randomly, there’s a lot of story behind it, especially in the context of magnetic field leak detection (MFL) tools. In this article, we’ll take a closer look at how these detection tools work and why they are visualized as pigs.
Basic principles of magnetic field leakage detection
Magnetic field leak detection technology is a non-destructive detection method mainly used to detect corrosion and dent damage in steel structures, such as pipelines and storage tanks. The basic principle behind this technique is that magnetic fields "leak" out in areas where there is corrosion or missing metal. To magnetize steel, powerful magnets are often used.
In an MFL tool, a magnetic detector is usually placed between the poles of the magnet in order to detect the leakage field.
Evolution of pipeline inspection technology
There are many methods for pipeline integrity assessment, among which the internal pipeline inspection tool (ILI) is one of the most commonly used tools. The Magnetic Field Leak Inspection Tool (MFL-ILI) has been used for a long time, mainly to detect corrosion problems in pipeline walls. As technology advances, more advanced versions are called "high-resolution" because they have more sensors, allowing them to more accurately identify anomalies in pipes.
High-resolution MFL tools identify anomalies in pipelines more reliably and accurately, minimizing the need for expensive verification digging.
The origin of PIG
So why are pipeline inspection tools called "pig"? The term was originally derived from cleaning pigs, which made a pig-like squeal as they passed through pipes. PIG is the reverse abbreviation of "Pipeline Inspection Instrument", and this name is still fresh in people's minds.
Over time, pig has become a common lingo for all pipe inspection tools, whether cleaning tools or smart tools.
Composition of MFL tools
MFL tools generally consist of multiple components, the most critical parts being the magnetizer and electronic device. As the tool runs through the pipe, the magnetic field creates an electrical circuit between the pipe wall and the tool. Not only can these tools detect anomalies as small as 1 square millimeter, they can also accurately measure the thickness and depth of metal.
The MFL tool's sensory system can detect changes in the magnetic field to identify missing metal problems.
Signal analysis and corrosion growth rate estimation
When using MFL tools, analysts can predict the characteristic dimensions of corrosion based on detected magnetic field signals. These tools typically undergo extensive testing to ensure their effectiveness and accuracy before performing pipeline inspections.
Every anomaly is unique in a pipeline, so open communication between detection companies and pipeline operators is important.
Summary
In general, magnetic field leakage detection technology and the “pig” naming behind it are not only the origin of a noun, but also a review and understanding of the development process of pipeline detection technology. These tools play an important role in ensuring pipeline integrity and safe operation, helping the industry remain efficient and stable. Facing the future, with the advancement of science and technology, what changes and developments will these detection tools have?
