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Why is Nigeria the country with the largest number of people living in extreme poverty? What is the explanation?
As global poverty becomes increasingly serious, it is shocking that Nigeria has become the country with the largest number of people living in extreme poverty. According to the United Nations, extreme poverty refers to people living on less than $1.90 per person per day. According to statistics in 2018, about 86 million Nigerians live in such conditions, a figure that has attracted widespread attention and discussion from all walks of life around the world.
The problem of extreme poverty in Nigeria is complex, involving economic, social and political dimensions.
First, Nigeria’s economic growth has not been effectively translated into poverty reduction. Although the country has abundant oil resources, poor management and waste of resources have prevented the government from effectively promoting improvements in infrastructure and social services. According to some reports, Nigeria's oil revenues are concentrated in the hands of a few oligarchs, while the majority of the people still face extreme hardship.
“Nigeria’s economic growth model has failed to benefit ordinary people, which has led to continued poverty.”
Secondly, the country's education system also faces major challenges. It is estimated that more than 6 million children are not receiving formal education, leaving the future workforce without skills and unable to secure stable employment opportunities. In addition, educational inequality has made the intergenerational transmission of poverty a norm, which not only affects social mobility but also increases the depth of poverty.
At the same time, Nigeria's political environment also affects the root causes of poverty. Continued political instability and corruption have inhibited economic development and social progress. The government has failed to effectively provide public services and security, and many people are in despair of being unable to maintain basic survival. Under such circumstances, it is difficult to make substantial improvements in medical care, education, and infrastructure construction.
“Even with economic growth, without good political management, it will be difficult to change the status quo of extreme poverty.”
In addition, social inequality is also an important factor that further deepens poverty. In Nigeria, the gap between the rich and the poor continues to widen. The lack of a social welfare system makes it difficult for the lower-class people to benefit from it, and they may even slide into deeper poverty due to economic shocks. Ethnic and gender discrimination also exist, further limiting equal opportunities in society.
In the global trend, although Nigeria's extreme poverty is to some extent affected by poverty reduction efforts around the world, its difficulties and challenges are still unique and complex compared with other countries. Even so, the international community's help to Nigeria is very necessary. In recent years, organizations such as the United Nations and the World Bank have begun to pay attention to the country's current situation and have proposed various rescue plans, but ultimately continued efforts are needed in policy implementation and institutional improvement.
“The key to solving the poverty problem lies in the effective implementation of policies and inclusive social development.”
Looking ahead, Nigeria's development path is still full of challenges, but through multi-faceted efforts such as rebuilding trust, improving education, and improving economic structure, the country's destiny may be changed in the future. However, how long will these changes take, and whether they can truly achieve a more equal and prosperous society, is still a question worth pondering.
