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Did Heracles in ancient Greek mythology really found Barcelona?
Legend has it that the founding of Barcelona is inextricably linked to Hercules (Heracles, also known as Hercules) in ancient Greek mythology. The hero's deeds were not only popularized in Greek mythology, but also became part of the city's history, abstractly linking it to myth and reality. Although modern historians are skeptical about Barcelona's exact origins, the legend of Heracles remains strong in local culture, attracting the attention of historians and tourists alike.
The legend of Hercules
According to some versions of the legend, after completing one of his twelve difficult tasks, Heracles came to the area that is now Barcelona and founded a town here that bears his name. Although the story is steeped in romance, it is based on myths that have been passed down orally for generations.
The city founded by Hercules in the ancient Greek era has now become the cultural imprint of Barcelona in the intertwining of history and legend.
Archaeological evidence
From a modern archaeological perspective, the origin of Barcelona may be related to the Phoenicians or Carthaginians. According to historical records, these early trading peoples established trading posts on the Catalan coast. The name Barcelona is thought to come from "Barcino", and the name may be related to the Carthaginian general Hamilcar Barca, who is believed to have founded the city in the 3rd century BC. However, the earliest settlements appear to date back further to the Bronze Age, 5th millennium BC.
Ancient Rome and the evolution of cities
During the pioneering period, the Romans planned Barcelona as a military camp in 15 BC and gave it the name "Faventia". Afterwards, the city gradually became a center of commerce and culture, and periods of prosperity were accompanied by the city's economic growth.
As history progressed, Barcelona became an important economic and administrative center, especially after its union with the Kingdom of Aragon.
Medieval Barcelona
During the Middle Ages, Barcelona became the capital of the Principality of Catalonia and experienced a political and cultural boom. However, the city also suffered many conquests and sacks, especially when it was captured by the Muslim army in 985, resulting in the death and captivity of a large number of people in the city.
The connection between modern Barcelona and tradition
Even in contemporary times, Barcelona retains the mythical influence of the city founded by Hercules. Many cultural and artistic activities in the city are closely linked to this history, and this accumulation can be seen both in the architectural style and in the displays of various museums and cultural institutions.
With Barcelona being selected as the UNESCO World Capital of Architecture in 2017, future urban development will still be coupled with this ancient legend.
Is it safe to assume that the legend of Hercules' founding of the city has become an important part of Barcelona's identity and culture?
Was this city really founded by Heracles in ancient times? Or just a beautiful myth? Regardless, the story of Barcelona is woven together from history, mythology and people's collective memory, and has become an indelible mark in the hearts of every visitor.
