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The historical mystery of the signal box: How did an innovation in London in 1843 change everything?
In the railway transportation system, signal control is the process of using railway signals and section systems to manage train operations to ensure that trains operate safely, follow correct routes and adhere to schedules. Initial signaling control was via a number of decentralized control points, known variously as signal boxes (International and British), interlocking towers (North America) and signal cabins (some railways, such as the GCR). Currently, these decentralized systems are being consolidated into larger signal control centers or dispatch offices.
Signal control provides the interface between human signal operators and signaling equipment.
History
Originally, all signaling was done mechanically, with signals and switches operated locally via individual levers or handles. required status. Over time it was realized that control should be centralized in a building which came to be known as the Signal Box. The signal box provides a dry, climate-friendly space to house the complex interlocking machinery as well as the signalmen themselves.
The London & Croydon Railway first used signal boxes in 1843 to control London's Bricklayers Arms junction, an innovation that marked a revolutionary change in signal control. With the development of electricity, the operational complexity of signal boxes was no longer limited by the physical connection distance of mechanical poles. Electrically driven switches and signaling devices allowed the operating range of a control point to be extended from a few hundred yards to several miles.
Electrified signaling systems make the physical presence of a signal operator unnecessary and individual control points can be integrated to increase system efficiency.
Name of signal control
In any node-based control system, correct identification is critical to ensure that messages are accurately received. Signal control points use naming techniques such as geo-referencing, line milestone numbers, serial numbers, and identification codes to minimize confusion during communication. In many systems, control locations are given short identification codes to facilitate efficient communication.
With the integration of signal control centers, it becomes necessary to distinguish between old signal boxes and new train control centers. These signaling centers are usually located near main railway stations and control electrified or electronic track networks.
Control equipment
Traditional signal boxes are equipped with mechanical levers. These levers are usually mounted on a frame under the operating floor and are synchronized with the operation of signals and switches. As technology advances, modern signal boxes are often controlled using video display units (VDUs), and these systems are easier to build and change than traditional panels.
Modern signal control systems have been widely used around the world, while old-fashioned signal boxes still exist, but their numbers are gradually decreasing.
Current situation
Although some traditional signal boxes still exist, most new railway systems have replaced them. With the development of various data and automation technologies, the role of signalmen in field operations gradually disappears and is replaced by professional monitoring centers that can efficiently handle large amounts of information.
The evolution of signal control technology has not only changed the operation mode of railways, but also affected the safety and efficiency of public transportation systems. This historic change makes people feel, what is the significance of technological progress to transportation?
