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The mysterious journey from distant Africa to Europe: What is the migration route of the European turtle dove?
On the remote African continent, a bird called the European turtle dove (Streptopelia turtur) has attracted the attention of academics and environmental organizations. This beautiful bird has carried rich cultural significance and ecological value since it was described by Swedish naturalist Linnaeus in 1758. Unlike other turtle doves, its numbers are declining rapidly, especially in European habitats. So, how are the migration routes of this bird formed?
Species and classification
The European Turtle Dove belongs to the Turtle Dove family of the family Birds, and has its own unique position in taxonomy. In 1758, Linnaeus classified it in the genus Columba and named it Columba turtur. As the species was better understood, it was reclassified in 1855 to its current genus Streptopelia. The name of this genus means "collared turtle dove" and represents one of its characteristics, the black and white stripes on the side of its neck.
The European turtle dove is a small bird, with a body length of about 26 to 28 cm and a wingspan of 47 to 53 cm. Their elegant flight pattern is as straight as an arrow.
Ecology and Habitat
The European Turtle Dove's range covers a wide geographical area, from southern Europe and the Middle East to North Africa. These birds arrive in northern areas at the end of the spring bird migration and head south again in September, being among the late migrants. Since they usually live in open forest environments, they need to find safe ground to feed.
Protection status
Recent data shows that the European turtle dove population is declining rapidly. The UK's turtle dove population has declined by 93% since 1994. Ecologists point to changes in agricultural practices that have made the birds' food sources scarcer as one of the main reasons for their decline.
An estimated two to four million turtle doves are hunted each year in Mediterranean countries, particularly in places such as Malta, Cyprus and Spain.
Cultural significance
In addition to its ecological importance, the European turtle dove also holds a place in culture. They are often seen as symbols of love and loyalty, as reflected in literature and ballads. Turtle doves are also often mentioned in the Bible and classical literature, reflecting humans' reverence and love for this bird.
For example, in "Song of Songs", "The voice of our land hears the song of the turtle dove" is deeply symbolic, emphasizing the connection between the turtle dove's return in spring and rebirth. At the same time, turtledoves also frequently appear in gifts and songs between lovers, becoming a symbol of romance.
Conclusion
The European Turtle Dove’s adventure illustrates the complex relationship between ecological changes and human activities. As these birds gradually disappear from our sight, how to protect these beautiful creatures and ensure that their future migrations can proceed smoothly will become an urgent challenge that we need to face. Can we find ways to reconnect with these missing natural journeys?
