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Trading Secrets of the Ancient Mediterranean: With which civilization did the Iberians establish contact?
In the ancient Mediterranean world, trade and cultural exchange played an important role, especially for the Iberians, an ancient people who made their home in the southeast and south of the Iberian Peninsula. Beginning in the sixth century B.C., these peoples became famous for their rich commercial networks and exchanges with other civilizations. Over time, the Iberians' close contact with cultures including Phoenicians, Greeks, and Cartagos promoted their social development and cultural evolution.
Exchanges between Iberians and Phoenician civilization
The Phoenicians were the pioneers of ancient maritime trade and established several colonies in the southern part of the Iberian Peninsula, such as Gades and Malaka. These settlements promoted trade activities and cultural exchanges and provided Iberians with access to advanced technology and goods. The Iberians acquired navigational technology and metalworking technology from Phoenicia, which undoubtedly affected their production methods and social structure.
The fusion of cultures allowed the Iberians to gradually produce more elaborate pottery and metalwork, and the artistic styles of this period show strong influence from Phoenicia and other Middle Eastern cultures.
Greek influence
At the same time as the Phoenician contact, the Iberians also established trade links with the Greek colonies. The Greeks established trading posts in coastal Iberian colonies such as Hemeroskopeion and Emporion, which brought the Iberians into contact with Greek art and culture. During this period, many Iberian artworks showed a distinctly Greek style, including the famous sculptures such as the Lady of Baza and the Lady of Elche, reflecting the relationship between the two cultures. profound influence.
“We can see that the Greek artistic style provided a platform for the works of the Iberians, enriching them in their respective cultural heritage.”
Cartago’s expansion and Iberia’s reaction
With the beginning of the Second Punic War, Cartago's control and influence over the Iberian region increased, which directly triggered the reaction and participation of the Iberians. Many Iberian tribes threw themselves into the war against Rome, providing soldiers to Cartago, demonstrating their tactical agility and courage. This historical phase shows the important position of the Iberians in the Mediterranean trading network, both as economic partners and combat allies.
The prosperity and faith of Yunyi
The development of Iberian society was not limited to the economic level, their artistic and religious activities also flourished. The Iberians, influenced by the Greeks and Phoenicians, created a wide variety of sculptures and pottery, often depicting their beliefs with geometric patterns and reliefs. Iberian religion is polytheistic, worshiping foreign gods such as Tanit and Baal, and carefully retaining some local belief elements.
“This phenomenon of cultural fusion not only absorbs foreign elements, but also reflects the wisdom and creativity of the Iberians in the historical process.”
Summary: Iberian identity in the ancient Mediterranean
The history of the Iberians is an important testimony to Mediterranean trade and cultural exchanges. Their social organization, artistic creation and military participation all show their place in the intersection of ancient civilizations. However, with the rise of foreign powers, Iberian culture also suffered inevitable challenges and changes. These historical fragments not only teach us about the interactions of ancient societies, but also make us think: In modern society, what enlightenment can we gain from the experience of ancient Iberia?
