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Why is the Earth not a perfect sphere? Discover the surprising secrets of the ellipsoid!
Since ancient times, humans have been curious about the shape of the earth. The so-called "spherical" image seems to be a matter of course in our impression, but in reality, the earth is an ellipsoid. Why is this? Let's explore these surprising scientific secrets together.
Characteristics of ellipsoid
The ellipsoid, also known as the ellipsoid of revolution, is actually a geometric shape formed by rotating an ellipse around one of its main axes. When the ellipse is rotated along its long axis, a "lateral oblong ellipsoid" is generated that extends toward the long end, while when rotated along the short axis, a "prolate ellipsoid" is generated, like a flattened round cake.
Due to the combination of gravity and rotation, the Earth's shape is not perfect, but slightly flattened toward its axis.
Shape of the Earth
The circumference and radius of the Earth can be described as an ellipsoid. The equatorial radius of this ellipsoid is approximately 6378.137 kilometers, and the polar radius is approximately 6356.752 kilometers. These data tell us that although the Earth's outline is roughly round, its flatness cannot be ignored.
Why is it formed into an oval shape?
The reason why the earth is flat is mainly due to its rotation. As the Earth spins, points at the equator move faster, which causes forces in the equatorial region away from the center to help create a more elliptical shape. This phenomenon is not limited to Earth; other planets, such as Saturn and Jupiter, also exist in the form of ellipsoids.
Impact on scientific research
In cartography and geodesy, the axial flattening of the Earth necessitates that all measurements and calculations be based on this elliptical shape. Scientists use this data to improve navigation systems, GPS technology and geophysical models, enabling applications in people's daily lives.
The Earth's elliptical shape allows us to more accurately analyze our surroundings.
What is the concept of "ellipsoid"
Usually in mathematics and physics, ellipsoids are calculated by specific formulas. Although these formulas appear complex in introduction, they can be simply understood as the effects of different axial lengths, which need to be adjusted and supplemented according to different applications.
Ellipsoids encountered in daily life
We come into contact with the concept of ellipsoids everywhere in our daily lives, whether it is a football in motion or the shape of some planets, they are all part of this theory. In addition, many manufacturers will also refer to the shape of the ellipsoid in product design to achieve the best use effect.
Future exploration of the shape of the Earth
With the development of science and technology, scientists have conducted in-depth research on the shape of the earth and its impact, and we continue to obtain more accurate data. These studies not only contribute to the development of geography, but also help us understand the formation and evolution of other celestial bodies in the universe.
Understanding the secrets of the Earth’s shape may help us better control the future.
So, have you ever wondered how ellipsoids affect every detail of our daily lives?
