Accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging–Guided Biopsy to Verify Breast Cancer Pathologic Complete Response After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

Abstract

Key Points Question Is the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–guided biopsy comparable with reference-standard surgical resection for diagnosing pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer? Findings In this pilot nonrandomized controlled trial of 20 patients with evaluable data, the accuracy of MRI-guided biopsy for diagnosing pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 95% and the negative predictive value was 92.8%. Meaning The results from this pilot study suggest greater accuracy with this method than do the majority of published data and support the need for a larger study comparing MRI-guided biopsy with reference-standard surgical resection in diagnosing a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.