Biotechnology and applied biochemistry | 2021
Biosensors based on aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles: A review.
Abstract
Simply synthetized gold nanoparticles have been highly used in medicine and biotechnology as a result of their biocompatibility, conductivity and being easily functionalized with biomolecules such as aptamer. Aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticle structures synergically possess characteristics of both aptamer and gold nanoparticles including high binding affinity, high biocompatibility, enhanced target selectivity and long circulatory half-life. Aptamer-conjugated gold nanoparticles have extensively gained considerable attention for designing of biosnesing systems due to their interesting optical and electrochemical features. Moreover, biosensors based on aptamer- gold nanoparticles are easy-to-use, fast response and inexpensive which make them ideal in individualized medicine, disease markers detection, food safety and etc. Moreover, due to high selectivity and biocompatibility of aptamer-gold nanoparticle, these biosensing platforms are ideal tools for targeted drug delivery systems. The application of this nanostructure as diagnostic and therapeutic tool has been developed for detection of cancer in the early stage by detecting cancer biomarkers, pathogens, proteins, toxins, antibiotics, adenosine triphosphate and other small molecules. This review obviously demonstrates that this nanostructure effectively is applicable in the field of biomedicine and possesses potential of commercialization aims. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.