Enzymatic Asymmetric Reduction of Unfunctionalized C=C Bonds with Archaeal Geranylgeranyl Reductases

Abstract

The asymmetric reduction of activated C=C bonds such as enones is well established for non‐enzymatic methods as well as in biocatalysis. However, the asymmetric reduction of unfunctionalized C=C bonds is mainly performed with transition metal catalysts whereas biocatalytic approaches are lacking. We have tested two FAD‐dependent archaeal geranylgeranyl reductases (GGR) for the asymmetric reduction of isolated C=C bonds. The reduction of up to four double bonds in terpene chains with different chain lengths and head groups was confirmed. Methyl‐branched E‐alkenes were chemoselectively reduced in the presence of cyclic, terminal or activated alkenes. Using a removable succinate “spacer”, farnesol and geraniol could be quantitatively reduced (>99\u2009%). The reduction is strictly (R)‐selective (enantiomeric excess >99\u2009%). Hence, GGRs are promising biocatalysts for the asymmetric reduction of unactivated isolated C=C bonds, opening new opportunities for the synthesis of enantiopure branched alkyl chains.