Application of Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Monitor the Early Antitumor Effect of CuS@GOD Nanoparticles in a 4\u2009T1 Breast Cancer Xenograft Model.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nWe have developed hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) by co-loading copper sulfide (CuS) NPs and glucose oxidase (GOD) (CuS@GOD NPs) to explore their antitumor properties.\n\n\nPURPOSE\nTo investigate the feasibility of using multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) and R2 * mapping to quantitatively assess the early antitumor effect of CuS@GOD NPs.\n\n\nSTUDY TYPE\nProspective.\n\n\nANIMAL MODEL\nThe orthotopic BALB/c mice 4\u2009T1 breast cancer model. The 4\u2009T1 xenografts in group 1 mice received normal saline, group 2 received CuS@GOD NPs, group 3 received CuS NPs plus laser, and group 4 received CuS@GOD NPs plus laser (n\xa0=\xa028 for each group).\n\n\nFIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE\nA 3.0\u2009T/IVIM-DWI MRI single-shot echo-planar imaging, R2 * mapping spoiled gradient recalled echo (SPGR) sequence, T2-weighted images (T2WI) and T1-weighted images (T1WI) fast spin echo (FSE) sequence.\n\n\nASSESSMENT\nThe IVIM-DWI and R2 * mapping were performed before and after treatment at 0 hour, 0.5 hour, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, and 24 hours in four groups and the MRI parameters were obtained. Correlation analysis between the MRI parameters and histological analyses was conducted.\n\n\nSTATISTICAL TESTS\nOne-way ANOVA, Pearson s correlation analysis, two independent samples t test, intraclass correlation coefficient. P\u2009<\u20090.05 was considered to be statistically significant.\n\n\nRESULTS\nIn group 4, the tumoral D value was significantly higher than that of group 2 at 24 hours (0.541\u2009±\u20090.065 vs. 0.492\u2009±\u20090.051). The f value of group 4 was significantly lower than that of groups 1 and 2 at 2 hours (10.83\u2009±\u20092.16 vs. 14.28\u2009±\u20091.86, 16.67\u2009±\u20093.53, respectively). The R2 * value was significantly increased at 0 hour in group 4 compared to that of groups 1 and 2 (64.552\u2009±\u20094.663 vs. 42.441\u2009±\u20091.516, 43.165\u2009±\u20091.709, respectively). D, f, and R2 * were correlated with the histological staining results (r\xa0=\xa00.695-0.970).\n\n\nDATA CONCLUSION\nThe IVIM-DWI-derived D and f and R2 * mapping-derived R2 * could monitor early response to CuS@GOD NPs treatment in vivo.\n\n\nEVIDENCE LEVEL\n2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.