Translocation of elements and sugars in wheat genotypes at vegetative and generative stages under continuous selenium exposure.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nBiofortification with selenium (Se) elevates its concentration in feed and fodder plants and helps to prevent health problems in animals and humans. The aim of this study was to describe Se-induced modifications in the accumulation of elements important for proper functioning of wheat, one of the most popular cereals. Se presence correlated with carbohydrate synthesis, and EPR experiments explained the mechanisms of antioxidant activity of Se.\n\n\nRESULTS\nSe accumulation in vegetative and generative leaves as well as grains of three wheat genotypes (cv. Parabola, cv. Raweta and cv. Manu), differing in their stress tolerance and grown hydroponically in the presence of 10 or 20 μM Na2 SeO4, was proportional to its content in the medium. Stronger Se accumulation was typical of a stress-sensitive genotype. Se generally promoted the uptake of macro- and micronutrients but their distribution was tissue and genotype dependent. Changes in Se-induced EPR signals of paramagnetic metals and organic radicals corresponded with stress tolerance of the tested genotypes.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nSe application increased the accumulation of nutrients and carbohydrates that are vital for proper plant growth and development. Accelerated uptake of molybdenum (Mo), an element improving dietary properties of grains, may be an additional advantage of Se fertilization. The mechanisms of Se-induced changes in removing Mn and iron (Fe) ions from macromolecules may be one of the factors that differentiate plant tolerance to oxidative stress. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.