Milk Polar Lipids Supplementation to Obese Rats During Pregnancy and Lactation Benefited Skeletal Outcomes of Male Offspring.

Abstract

SCOPE\nDietary intervention to obese dams during pregnancy and lactation period provides avenues for improving metabolic profiles of the offspring. In the current study, we investigated the effects of polar lipids-enriched milk fat globule membrane (MFGM-PL) supplementation to obese dams during pregnancy and lactation on the skeletal outcomes of male offspring.\n\n\nMETHODS AND RESULTS\nMFGM-PL was supplemented to obese rats induced by high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation at a dose of 400\xa0mg/kg body weight. Results showed that maternal MFGM-PL supplementation significantly ameliorated the stunted skeletal growth of male offspring at weaning. In adulthood offspring, maternal MFGM-PL supplementation protected against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced bone microstructure degeneration and bone marrow adipocyte accumulation. Further investigation showed that maternal supplementation of MFGM-PL significantly ameliorated insulin resistance and increased the mRNA expression of growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) in the hypothalamus of HFD offspring. The growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis was subsequently enhanced in MFGM-PL+HFD offspring, contributing to the beneficial skeletal outcomes.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nOur findings suggest that maternal MFGM-PL supplementation of HFD dam during pregnancy and lactation has desirable effects on fetal skeletal development, with lasting beneficial programming impacts on skeletal outcomes of offspring. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.