Synthesis, Insecticidal Activities, Resistance in Aedes albopictus and Cytotoxicity of Novel Dihaloacetylated Heterocyclic Pyrethroids.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nThe use of safe and effective insecticides against mosquito-borne stocks is still one of the most effective ways to rapidly interrupt the spread of diseases such as malaria, dengue etc. But lots of insects are resistant to most insecticides and most of the traditional pyrethroids (like permethrin, deltamethrin etc.) contain phenoxy groups, and it is easy to form dibenzofuran, a pollutant, after photodegradation. Therefore, it s necessary to synthesize novel pyrethroids which have better mosquito-killing activity, poor resistance to mosquitoes, and no dibenzofuran formation during photodegradation.\n\n\nRESULTS\nA series of novel dihaloacetylated heterocyclic pyrethroids were synthesized to enhance the anti-mosquito activity. Bioassays basing on the guideline of Chinese center for disease control and prevention (CDC) indicate that the synthesized compounds DCA-O (LC50 = 2.95 ± 0.05 μg/L), DCA-01 (LC50 = 5.83 ± 0.36 μg/L) and DCA-11 (LC50 = 5.79 ± 1.51 μg/L) exhibit high insecticidal activities and sensitive against Aedes albopictus while the deltamethrin and permethrin produced moderate levels of resistance. Moreover, the analysis of the photodegradation implies that the novel compounds synthesized by substituting a phenoxy group with a heterocyclic ring do not form dibenzofuran, a pollutant. Lastly, the cytotoxicity data of pyrethroids on human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells confirms that the synthesized compounds are low toxic to the cells.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nNovel dihaloacetylated heterocyclic pyrethroids, by simple synthesis steps, have better anti-mosquito activity, lower drug resistance, less pollution to the environment and low toxicity to human nerve cells. This also provides an effective idea for the synthesis of pyrethroids. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.