Monitoring Engine Toxicity Parameters and Selective Control of Its System Operation

Abstract

The change in the technical condition of internal combustion engines in operating such systems as the feed system, ignition system, cylinder-piston group, and intake and exhaust system leads to the deterioration of the combustion process, the growth of toxic components and, as a consequence, the acceleration of the catalyst resource exhaustion. Accordingly, a catalyst failure will lead to a noncompliance of the vehicle’s emission standard with the applicable EURO standards, the subsequent replacement of which will not change the situation. It will be necessary to replace some system elements to eliminate the root causes of the catalyst failure. In this regard, when operating ICEs, it is vital to develop ways to control the time history of the concentration of toxic components of CO, CH, CO2, and O2 in exhaust gases. It is possible when portable gas analyzers built into the exhaust system are used. The operation of the portable gas analyzer can be organized discretely, in the form of test modes for monitoring the toxicity parameters, for example, at idle speed, in the acceleration mode, in constant power and load conditions, when individual engine cylinders operate selectively. In this study, the cylinders are completely or partially deactivated by the developed portable device—gasoline engine loader. Considering a high selectivity of the load impact on individual cylinders and its significant variation, the catalyst failure can be prevented, including due to the adaptability of the actuating elements to the change in the technical condition of separate unit.