Application of Bio-Nanoparticles in Biotechnological Process Focusing in Bioremediation

Abstract

Environmental contamination is a problem that currently faces the world-wide population due to extensive industrialization, urbanization, and new agricultural practices. Several and different pollutants profoundly alter water, soil, and air, producing biodiversity extinction, the decline in soil condition, and harming human health. Hence, various environmental remediation systems have been investigated, using biological and physicochemical approaches. This chapter examines new techniques for the remediation of contaminated systems using nanotechnology. General concepts about nanoparticles such as, types, methods of production, properties, and distinctive characteristics. It focuses in particular on the use of green synthesis nanoparticles for the bioremediation of soils and water.