Transition from conventional lasers to plasmonic spasers: a review

Abstract

In this paper, we have reviewed laser technology and its applications in different areas. Overview of different kinds of lasers used for number of applications in real world have been presented. Moreover, this review paper covers technology advancement from the last decades along with providing a detailed transition from simple lasers to nano-sized lasers, also known as spasers, which are based on plasmonic nanoparticles. The main focus of this review study is to provide deep insights of nanolasers, structures, materials, techniques and provides a bright path for future researchers to study the contribution of different workgroups with the ease of using this single platform. We have also provided the details of different materials used and analyzed by different researchers and upto what extent they were stood successful in designing efficient spaser design that led toward optimal features.