Healthcare Prometrics in the Era of Redeployment

Abstract

A bid is made to measure health as a value. Continuous and conceptual variables pertaining to healthcare distribution, expenses and outcomes are obtained from 70 studies presenting 4,245,866 patient-population from Finland and 4,304,049 from the USA—clustered for three periods: biennium, lustrum, decade. Two causality loops are sampled per country of interest: prematurity–perinatal mortality (PPM), tobacco consumption–respiratory cancer (TRC). Both in Finland and the USA, attribute risk for hypothyroidism, autoimmune disorders, and cardiomyopathy outstage other predictors of perinatal mortality. Diabetes mellitus, diabetes insipidus, obesity, and urinary tract infections are increasingly dominating PPM risks in the USA. Perinatal and maternal mortality ratios are consistently lower in Finland (RR 1.8–4.35). The mean duration of NICU-stay among the surviving and non-surviving low-weight infants is higher in Finland (RR 1.3–3.0). Regardless the term, cost of one NICU-day is 36–53-fold higher in the USA. The state-sponsored prenatal care is 2.58 times more consumed in Finland where the cost of basic prenatal care (excluding childbirth expenses) is 1.6 times lower. Low income is a substantial contributor to tobacco smoking (OR 5.0–15.6)—with a stronger connection (RR 3.56) in the USA. The US mortality rates from active smoking (R 1.5) and nicotine consumption by non-smoking means (RR 2.22) are higher even when the leading death predictors (COPD, Fanconi anemia, thromboembolism, TP53 gene mutation, KRAS mutation) are significantly higher in Finland (RR 2.57–12.85). High asthma rates among the US smokers (RR 4.21) are distinct predictors of poor survival rates from lung cancer—also reflected in higher Tiffeneau-Pinelli index reduction (RR 3.96). Delays in detection of respiratory cancer inversely relate to the survival rates (r\u2009=− 0.56). Where results are chaotic, data are assessed through holomorphic operation, each domain as complex-valued function of differentiable variable(s). Under the Riemannian and Finsler reasoning, each variable is a manifold in a spatial unit where tangent sits with the fourth root of differential expression. Such indexing could\xa0interprete functional relationships between healthcare value, demand elasticity, attributable or relative risk, prognosis—in the\xa0non-cohort samples, as suggested by the following equation matrix: R\u2009=\u2009(\u2009[η (t) η (t’)/δ (t−t’)\u2009]−D1xμ r\u2009−\u2009D1[μ xr\u2009+\u2009μ r x]\u2009−\u2009D2x(1\u2009−\u2009λ s)\u2009+\u2009D2[λ xs\u2009+\u2009λ s x])ik (lj Rjikl ll). Due to its inherent dissonance property enabling data triangulation in infinitesimal points, Euclidean reasoning may help devise comprehensive healthcare index to predict perinatal and tobacco mortality. Findings of this study suggest that health value is higher in Finland. The need for health policy reform in the USA is \xa0warranted.