Role of combined radiation and androgen deprivation therapy in intermediate-risk prostate cancer

Abstract

Objective This article aims to provide an overview of the role of combined radiation and androgen deprivation (ADT) therapy in patients with intermediate-risk prostate cancer. Materials and methods The current German, European, and NCCN (National Comprehensive Cancer Network) guidelines as well as relevant literature in the PubMed database which provide information on sub-classification within the intermediate-risk group and the use of ADT in terms of oncological outcome were reviewed. Results Different recommendations for risk-group assessment of patients with localized prostate cancer are available. Subdivision of intermediate risk into a\xa0favorable and an unfavorable group seems to be justified to allow for a\xa0more individualized therapy in a\xa0quite heterogenous group of patients. So far, multiple randomized trials have shown a\xa0benefit when radiation therapy (RT) is combined with ADT. The use of dose-escalated RT without ADT also appears to be an adequate therapy associated with a\xa0very low rate of cancer-specific deaths. Therefore, taking into account the increased rate of toxicity associated with ADT, dose-escalated RT alone might be justified, especially in favorable intermediate-risk patients. Conclusion Dose-escalated RT alone appears to be an appropriate treatment in favorable intermediate-risk patients. Addition of short course ADT (4–6\xa0months) might improve outcomes in unfavorable intermediate-risk patients.