Prevention of peritendinious adhesions in zone II primary flexor tendon repair using a vein patch graft: A comparative study

Abstract

BackgroundAdhesion after intrasynovial tendon injury is a major clinical problem. Here we assess autogenous vein graft over the primary flexor tendon repair to prevent postoperative peritendinious adhesions.MethodsTwenty-six patients (30 digits) had an acute flexor tendon injury in zone II. Primary tenorrhaphy was done using the traditional Kessler repair technique. Patients were divided into two groups according to the management of tendon sheath defects. In group I (n\u2009=\u200915 digits), a patch of a marked forearm vein was harvested, divided and sutured to the tendon sheath window. In group II (n\u2009=\u200915 digits), the tendon sheath was left untreated. Patients were evaluated using the second Buck-Gramcko scale at 8\xa0weeks and 6\xa0months.ResultsWe detected no statistically significant difference between the groups. For the vein graft group, excellent results were achieved in four digits, five digits with very good results, five digits with good results and one digit with fair results. Using the traditional technique, excellent results were achieved in three digits, very good results were achieved in four digits, good results were achieved in six digits and fair results were achieved in two digits.ConclusionsThe use of autologous vein graft has many advantages; it is inexpensive, autologous and will not affect tendon healing. Comparing autologous vein graft to the conventional tendon repair technique, we detected no statistically significant difference. Clinically, less adhesion formation and fewer joint contractures were noted when using the autologous vein graft.Level of Evidence: Level I, therapeutic study.