Regional liver function analysis with gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI and virtual hepatectomy: prediction of postoperative short-term outcomes for HCC

Abstract

To explore the role of quantitative regional liver function assessed by preoperative gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI with computer-aided virtual hepatectomy to predict short-term outcomes after major hepatectomy for HCC. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 133 consecutive patients with HCC who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI and indocyanine green (ICG) test. Forty-five patients received open major hepatectomy. Liver function reserve and the future liver remnant were evaluated by computer-aided virtual hepatectomy. Global liver functional parameters included the T1 relaxation time reduction rate (T1ratio) and functional liver volume (FV), whereas regional parameters included the rT1pos, rT1ratio, remnant FV (rFV), and remnant FV ratio (rFVratio) of the remnant liver. The functional parameters of the MRI and ICG were used to predict the short-term outcomes (liver failure and major complications) after major hepatectomy. The T1ratio and FV were correlated with the ICG test (rho = − 0.304 and − 0.449, p < 0.05). FV < 682.8 ml indicated preoperative ICG-R15 ≥ 14% with 0.765 value of the area under the curve (AUC). No patient who underwent major resection with good liver functional reserve (ICG < 14%) and enough future remnant volume (> 30% standard LV) developed liver failure. Low rT1ratio (< 66.5%) and high rT1pos (> 217.5 ms) may predict major complications (AUC = 0.831 and 0.756, respectively; p < 0.05). The rT1ratio was an independent risk factor for postoperative major complications (odds ratio [OR] = 0.845, 95% CI, 0.736–0.966; p < 0.05). Preoperative gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI with computer-aided virtual hepatectomy may facilitate optimal assessment of regional liver functional reserve to predict short-term outcomes after major hepatectomy for HCC. • Preoperative gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI with virtual hepatectomy and volumetric analysis can provide precise liver volume and regional functional assessment. • Quantitative regional liver function assessed by gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI can predict the short-term outcomes after major hepatectomy in patients with HCC. • The regional liver function assessed by gadoxetic acid–enhanced MRI is an independent risk factor for postoperative major complications.