Comparison of laparoscopic gastrectomy with 3-D/HD and 2-D/4 K camera system for gastric cancer: a prospective randomized control study

Abstract

We conducted a prospective clinical control study to identify the best imaging technology among three-dimensional (3-D) high-definition (HD) stereovision and two-dimensional (2-D) ultra-high-resolution (4 K) technology and confirm their effects on surgical outcomes of laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer. From April 2018 to August 2019, 50 patients were randomly classified into two groups based on the imaging technology (3-D/HD group\u2009=\u200925, 2-D/4 K\u2009=\u200925). After excluding eight patients based on laparoscopic findings, 42 patients were analyzed (3-D/HD group\u2009=\u200921, 2-D/4 K\u2009=\u200921). The primary endpoint was the operative time; the secondary endpoints were blood loss, postoperative infectious complications, and postoperative hospital stay. The patients’ backgrounds were similar (sex, age, body mass index [BMI], stage, procedure, and extent of lymph node dissection). There were no significant differences in operative time (252 vs. 238 min, P\u2009=\u20090.70), total blood loss, postoperative infectious complications, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. However, video analysis of surgeries revealed a significantly shortened median operative time (18 vs. 25 min, P\u2009=\u20090.04) in the suturing step with 3-D/HD; the median number of camera cleaning procedures during suprapancreatic lymph node dissection was significantly lower with 2-D/4 K than with 3-D/HD (n\u2009=\u20094.4 vs. 2.8, P\u2009=\u20090.02). 3-D/HD and 2-D/4 K laparoscopic radical gastrectomies provide similar surgical outcomes. However, the 3-D monitor reduces suturing time during reconstruction, while the 4 K monitor reduces the number of camera cleaning procedures during lymphadenectomy. Registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (identification number 000029227).