Investigation of the roles of IL-18 (-607 C/A) and IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variations in bladder cancer development: case–control study

Abstract

The purpose of our study is to investigate the roles of IL-18 gene variations in bladder cancer development in Thrace population of Turkey. This study was carried out with 103 bladder cancer patients and 81 healthy controls. Genotype distributions of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations were determined using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The CC homozygous genotype for IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation was significantly higher in patients with bladder cancer compared to healthy controls (OR 0.345, 95% Cl 0.186–0.639, p\u2009=\u20090.001). Besides this, allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations in patient with bladder cancer and healthy control groups were significantly different from the Hardy–Weinberg distribution (p\u2009<\u20090.05). For IL-18 (-137 G/C) and IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variations, significant difference was determined between the bladder cancer patient and healthy control groups in terms of GC–CA (OR 0.381, 95% Cl 0.203–0.714, p\u2009=\u20090.002), GC–CC (OR 2.147, 95% Cl 1.013–4.550, p\u2009=\u20090.043), GG–AA (OR 0.431, 95% Cl 0.365–0.509, p\u2009=\u20090.049), and GG–CC (OR 2.476, 95% Cl 1.177–5.208, p\u2009=\u20090.015) haplotypes. In our study, CC genotype of IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation was determined as genetic risk factor for bladder cancer development. In bladder cancer patient and healthy control groups, G and C allele frequencies of IL-18 (-137 G/C) gene variation, and C and A allele frequencies of IL-18 (-607 C/A) gene variation were determined significantly different from the Hardy–Weinberg distribution.