First clinical experience with the new noninvasive transfontanelle ICP monitoring device in management of children with premature IVH

Abstract

We previously introduced a novel noninvasive technique of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring in children with open fontanelles. Within this study, we describe the first clinical implementation and results of this new technique in management of children with hydrocephalus caused by intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH). In neonates with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH), an Ommaya reservoir was implanted for initial treatment of hydrocephalus. The ICP obtained noninvasively with our new device was measured before and after CSF removal and correlated to cranial ultra-sonographies. Six children with a mean age of 27.3\xa0weeks and mean weight of 1082.3\xa0g suffering from PHH were included in this study. We performed an overall of 30 aspirations due to ventricular enlargement. Before CSF removal, the mean ICP was 15.3\xa0mmHg and after removal of CSF the mean ICP measured noninvasively decreased to 3.4\xa0mmHg, p \u2009=\u20090.0001. The anterior horn width (AHW), which reflects early expansion of the ventricles, was before and after CSF removal 15.1\xa0mm and 5.5\xa0mm, respectively, p \u2009<\u20090.0006. There was a strong correlation between noninvasively measured ICP values and sonographically obtained AHW, r \u2009=\u20090.81. Ultimately, all children underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt procedures. This is the first study providing proof for a noninvasively ICP-based approach for management of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus in newborn children.