Nutritional risk and dietary intake among newly enrolled meals on wheels participants

Abstract

This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the nutritional risk (NR) and nutritional needs of newly enrolled Meals on Wheels (MOW) participants. This cross-sectional study in a Midwest state assessed the NR and dietary intake frequencies (DIF) of 167 newly enrolled MOW participants ages 60 years and older using the Dietary Screening Tool. Participants were primarily female (62.9%) and enrolled in MOW during the winter (85%). Over half (53.9%) classified “at NR,” 43.7% “at possible NR,” and 2.4% “not at NR.” “Low” DIF of dairy, lean protein, and processed meat were detected. “Moderate” DIFs of vegetable, total and whole grains, whole fruit and juice, and added fats, sugars, and sweets were also found. Male participants experienced higher NR (p\u2009<\u20090.0005) and consumed lower fruit and vegetable DIFs (p\u2009<\u20090.030) than females. Lean protein DIFs were lower in the winter than in the summer (p\u2009=\u20090.04). Early identification of NR and factors influencing NR can help community food programs better address OA nutrition concerns.