Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and nanoparticles on Alzheimer’s disease: a review

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease clinically characterized by progressive loss of memory, impairment cognitive function, and neuropsychiatric and behavior dysfunction. The molecular pathology of the disease is characterized with extracellular accumulation of amyloid β plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated Tau. Even with crescent number of AD patients worldwide, the current treatment approved does not alter the course of the disease but rather controls the symptoms. In addition to this, also present poor solubility and low bioavailability. Therefore, several studies have been exploring new delivery systems to efficiently deliver those drugs and enhance biological activity. Among them, nanoparticulated systems have demonstrated great potential as a drug delivery system in neurodegenerative disease. In this review, we will reflect on the current progress of nanoparticulated systems with an overall particle size ranging from 2 up to 200 nm and potential to deliver AD drugs for AD treatment.