Emissions and health risk assessment of process-based volatile organic compounds of a representative petrochemical enterprise in East China

Abstract

Emission control of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from industrial sources is a frontline defense against air pollution in China. Owing to the complexity of chemical processing technologies and reaction mechanisms of VOCs, it is extremely difficult to pinpoint specific emission sources in a large-scale industrial region due to the synergy of various chemical processes. In this research, a comprehensive on-site emission profile of a representative petrochemical industrial park in East China is set up with measurements conducted using photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMSs) and the TO-15 method as per the United States Environmental Protection Agency. This is followed by a quantitative ozone formation potential (OFP) analysis, toxification analysis, and an on-site health risk assessment, covering each of 18 major facilities’ three sections: the refinery, chemical manufacturing zone, and wastewater treatment zone. The number of facilities and detected species studied in this research exceeds that of a former similar study. This study shows that the majority of VOC emissions from those enterprises possessing the largest impact on the environment are hydrocarbons: alkanes, olefin (alkenes, alkynes), and aromatics (91% in total). Aromatics and olefins show the maximum contribution to OFP, which is consistent with the results of similar studies. VOCs, such as 1,3-butadiene, from refineries are key factors leading to long-term health impacts, with aromatics being a leading carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic factor.