Effects of Supplementary Selenium and Vitamin E on the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, and Gene Expression of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Abstract

A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of single selenomethionine (Se) and its mixture with vitamin E (VE) on the growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, and gene expression of juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus . The design of the experiment contained two factors and 5\u2009×\u20092 levels by means of adding various levels of Se and VE in the feed, i.e., combination of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, or 1.2\xa0mg Se kg −1 and 0 or 200\xa0mg VE kg −1 . The results revealed that the specific growth rate and weight gain rate were the highest in the group with 0.3\xa0mg Se kg −1 and 200\xa0mg VE kg −1 , followed by the group with 0.6\xa0mg Se kg −1 without VE. Se significantly improved the activities of amylase and protease with VE also imposed positive effect on the amylase activity. Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was highest in the group with 1.2\xa0mg Se kg −1 and lowest with the basal diet. The activity of catalase (CAT) was increased while glutathione reductase (GR) activity was decreased in response to the addition of Se. No significant interactive effects of Se and VE on the enzyme activities were found except superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. While relative expressions of GPX, CAT, and SOD genes were significantly responsive to the addition of dietary Se, VE significantly promoted the gene expression of SOD. The results suggested that Se and VE might have beneficial effects on the growth and antioxidant responses of A . japonicus.