Actual long-term survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with microvascular invasion: a multicenter study from China

Abstract

Microvascular invasion (MVI) is a risk factor for postoperative survival outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver resection (LR). This study aims to investigate the actual long-term survival and its associated prognostic factors after LR for HCC patients with MVI. This study was conducted on HCC patients with MVI who underwent LR from January 2009 to December 2012 at five major hospitals in China. The patients were divided into the ‘long-term survivor group’ and the ‘short-term survivor group’. The clinicopathologic characteristics, perioperative data and survival outcomes were compared between these two groups. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify predictive factors associated with long-term survival outcomes. The study included 1517 patients with an actual 5-year survival rate of 33.3%. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that HBV DNA\u2009>\u2009104 IU/mL, alanine aminotransferase\u2009>\u200944 U/L, alpha-fetoprotein\u2009>\u2009400 ng/ml, anatomical hepatectomy, varices, intraoperative blood loss\u2009>\u2009400 ml, tumor diameter\u2009>\u20095 cm, tumor number, satellite nodules, tumor encapsulation, wide resection margin and adjuvant transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) were independent prognostic factors associated with actual long-term survival. One-third of HCC patients with MVI reached the long-term survival milestone of 5 years after resection. Anatomical hepatectomy, controlling intraoperative blood loss, a wide resection margin, and postoperative adjuvant TACE should be considered for patients to achieve better long-term survival outcomes.