Relationship Between Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 and Cognitive Functioning in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Abnormal synaptic plasticity leads to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Markers of synaptic plasticity are known to be altered in schizophrenia, but there are limited data available about neural cell adhesion molecule-1 (NCAM-1) levels and its association with cognitive functions in schizophrenia. The objective of the study was to analyze NCAM-1 levels and its association with various cognitive domains in schizophrenia. One hundred and seventy-six schizophrenia cases and 176 controls were recruited for the study. Serum NCAM-1 levels were analysed in both the groups. Cognitive examination was performed using Addenbrooke cognitive examination-III (ACE-III) and disease severity was assessed using Positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS). Serum NCAM-1 levels were elevated in schizophrenia cases (p\u2009=\u20090.006) compared to controls. NCAM-1 was positively associated with attention (r\u2009=\u20090.196, p\u2009=\u20090.009), language (r\u2009=\u20090.192, p\u2009=\u20090.011), visuospatial abilities (r\u2009=\u20090.207, p\u2009=\u20090.006) and total ACE-III score (r\u2009=\u20090.189, p\u2009=\u20090.012). We conclude that elevated levels of NCAM-1 are associated with better cognitive functioning in schizophrenia.