Doping Gd3+ Ion in PDA-PHBV Coating on Ti6Al4V Alloy for Enhancing Corrosion Resistance and Proliferation of Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells

Abstract

In this study, we fabricated poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) coatings doped with Gd3+ (1, 5, and 10\u2009×\u200910−4 mol/L) on Ti6Al4V alloy for the first time to promote soft tissue sealing around dental implants. The corrosion resistance of Gd3+-modified PHBV-coated Ti6Al4V was studied by electrochemical and immersion tests, respectively, whereas CCK-8 and RT-PCR evaluated the biocompatibility to human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It was found that the Gd3+-modified PHBV coating could enhance the corrosion resistance of Ti6Al4V. In vitro cell tests showed that PHBV coatings with and without Gd3+ addition could promote adhesion and proliferation of HGFs and HUVECs, showing a Gd3+ content-dependent manner. Moreover, it was found that the PDA-PHBV@1Gd showed the best proliferation to HGFs by up-regulating gene expressions of VINCULIN, ITGB1, and ITGA3, whereas the best response to HUVECs with the highest gene expression of eNOS and HIF-1α genes was found in the PDA-PHBV@5Gd-coated group.